Drosophila melanogaster G protein-coupled receptors.
Drosophila melanogaster G protein-coupled receptors.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.150.2.f83
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发表时间：
2000-07-24
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cravchik A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brody T;Cravchik A
G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）1构成了一个庞大而古老的细胞膜蛋白超家族，在信号转导中起着核心作用，并被同样多样化的配体激活。GPCR共有七个疏水螺旋结构域结构，并通过与鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合调节蛋白（G蛋白）偶联来传递信号。七个疏水结构域可能跨越膜，并通过三个细胞外环与三个细胞内环交替连接。细胞外NH 2末端通常是糖基化的，细胞质COOH末端通常是磷酸化的。GPCR基因多样性的存在可能是真核生物基因组的一个特征，因为在秀丽隐杆线虫基因组中已鉴定出1，000个GPCR，占其基因总数的5%（Bargmann，1998）。果蝇基因组测序的完成首次允许分析其完整的GPCR库。果蝇的GPCR在其他门中是否有对应物，或者它们是否反映了高度专业化的昆虫生物学？果蝇基因组含有200个编码GPCR的基因，包括神经递质和激素受体，以及嗅觉和推定的味觉受体（亚当斯等人，2000; Clyne等人，2000; Rubin等人，2000年）。我们已经在果蝇基因组中鉴定了100个编码假定的神经递质和激素GPCR以及非典型七跨膜结构域（7 TM）蛋白的基因，其中68个在本文中首次描述（图1，红色）。这些基因在使用基因预测程序Genie和Genscan（亚当斯等人，2000），导致预测基因结构的增强定义。果蝇GPCR分为四个家族：视紫红质样（图1A）;分泌素样（图1 B）;代谢型谷氨酸样（图1C）;和非典型7 TM蛋白（图1D）。这种分类是基于一级和二级结构预测，序列分析使用轮廓隐马尔可夫模型，和序列同源性搜索使用BLAST。尽管脊椎动物和C.与果蝇相比，线虫的数据表明跨门的激素和神经递质受体的保守性，表明古老的进化起源。
The G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) 1 constitute a large and ancient superfamily of integral cell membrane proteins that play a central role in signal transduction and are activated by an equally diverse array of ligands. GPCRs share a seven hydrophobic-helical domain structure and transduce signals through coupling to guanine nucleotide–binding regulatory proteins (G proteins). The seven hydrophobic domains are likely to span the membrane and are linked by three extracellular loops that alternate with three intracellular loops. The extracellular NH2 terminus is usually glycosylated and the cytoplasmic COOH terminus is generally phosphorylated. The presence of a large diversity of GPCR genes may be a characteristic of eukaryotic genomes since 1,000 GPCRs have been identified in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome, representing 5% of its total number of genes (Bargmann, 1998). The completion of the sequencing of the Drosophila melanogaster genome allows the analysis of its full repertoire of GPCRs for the first time. Do Drosophila GPCRs have counterparts in other phyla, or do they reflect a highly specialized insect biology? The Drosophila genome contains 200 genes coding for GPCRs, including neurotransmitter and hormone receptors, and olfactory and putative taste receptors (Adams et al., 2000; Clyne et al., 2000; Rubin et al., 2000). We have identified 100 genes in the Drosophila genome that code for putative neurotransmitter and hormone GPCRs and atypical seventransmembrane domain (7 TM) proteins, 68 of which are described here for the first time (Fig. 1, red). These genes were manually curated after the use of gene prediction programs Genie and Genscan (Adams et al., 2000), resulting in an enhanced definition of predicted gene structures. Drosophila GPCRs are classified into four families: rhodopsin-like (Fig. 1 A); secretin-like (Fig. 1 B); metabotropic glutamate–like (Fig. 1 C); and atypical 7 TM proteins (Fig. 1 D). This classification is based on primary and secondary structure predictions, sequence analysis using profile hidden Markov models, and sequence homology searches using BLAST. Despite the greater number and diversity of GPCRs in vertebrates and C. elegans as compared with Drosophila, the data point to conservation of hormone and neurotransmitter receptors across phyla, suggesting ancient evolutionary origins.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Colas, JF;Launay, JM;Maroteaux, L
通讯作者：
Maroteaux, L
DOI：
10.1016/s0305-0491(98)10088-3
发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Holz, GG;Habener, JF
通讯作者：
Habener, JF
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
LI, XJ;WOLFGANG, W;FORTE, M
通讯作者：
FORTE, M
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Osterhoff, C;Ivell, R;Kirchhoff, C
通讯作者：
Kirchhoff, C
DOI：
10.1006/bbrc.1998.9230
发表时间：
1998-08-28
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Hauser, F;Sondergaard, L;Grimmelikhuijzen, CJP
通讯作者：
Grimmelikhuijzen, CJP