Eco-genetic structure of Bacillus cereus sensu lato populations from different environments in northeastern Poland.
Eco-genetic structure of Bacillus cereus sensu lato populations from different environments in northeastern Poland.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0080175
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Swiecicka I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drewnowska JM;Swiecicka I
蜡样芽孢杆菌群，包括昆虫病原体和食源性疾病或炭疽的病原体，在各种环境中持续存在。其生态多样化的基础基本上仍然没有描述。本文介绍了273种土壤B的遗传结构和发生规律。蜡状菌有限公司分离物来自波兰东北部的不同栖息地，采样来自欧洲最后的天然森林（Biabrowiezia国家公园），欧洲最大的沼泽地（Biebrza国家公园）和一个农场。在多位点序列分型（MLST）中，尽管在7个管家基因座中进行了负选择，但分离株仍表现出高遗传多样性（325个等位基因），主要来自突变事件，并代表148种测序类型（131种新的ST和17种已描述的ST），分为19个与细菌克隆相对应的复合体和80个单例。系统发育分析表明，74%的菌株与B型菌株聚在一起。蜡状菌有限公司环境参考（进化枝III），而只有11%和15%，分别与临床来源的分离株（进化枝I），和B。蜡状芽孢杆菌ATCC 14579和参考B。苏云金杆菌（clade II）。主要是在分支III，我们发现适应低温（热生态型）的血统，而假定的产纤维素酶的菌株（cytK阳性）分散在沼泽和农场采样的所有分支。92%的ST发生在来自一个栖息地的杆菌中，78%的分离株描述了新的ST，强烈表明天然B中存在特定的基因型。蜡状菌有限公司人口。与人类相关的B相反。塞雷乌斯公司虽然它们表现出显著的相似性，但环境分离株似乎更复杂。因此，我们建议划分B。蜡状菌有限公司分为两组，第一组包括环境分离株，第二组包括与临床相关的分离株。
The Bacillus cereus group, which includes entomopathogens and etiologic agents of foodborne illness or anthrax, persists in various environments. The basis of their ecological diversification remains largely undescribed. Here we present the genetic structure and phylogeny of 273 soil B. cereus s.l. isolates from diverse habitats in northeastern Poland, with samplings acquired from the last European natural forest (Białowieża National Park), the largest marshes in Europe (Biebrza National Park), and a farm. In multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), despite negative selection in seven housekeeping loci, the isolates exhibited high genetic diversity (325 alleles), mostly resulting from mutation events, and represented 148 sequencing types (131 STs new and 17 STs already described) grouped into 19 complexes corresponding with bacterial clones, and 80 singletons. Phylogenetic analyses showed that 74% of the isolates clustered with B. cereus s.l. environmental references (clade III), while only 11 and 15%, respectively, grouped with isolates of clinical origin (clade I), and B. cereus ATCC 14579 and reference B. thuringiensis (clade II). Predominantly within clade III, we found lineages adapted to low temperature (thermal ecotypes), while putative toxigenic isolates (cytK-positive) were scattered in all clades of the marsh and farm samplings. The occurrence of 92% of STs in bacilli originating from one habitat, and the description of new STs for 78% of the isolates, strongly indicate the existence of specific genotypes within the natural B. cereus s.l. populations. In contrast to the human-associated B. cereus s.l. that exhibit a significant level of similarity, the environmental isolates appear more complex. Thus we propose dividing B. cereus s.l. into two groups, the first including environmental isolates, and the second covering those that are of clinical relevance.
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