Accumulation of neural activity in the posterior insula encodes the passage of time.
Accumulation of neural activity in the posterior insula encodes the passage of time.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.06.023
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发表时间：
2010-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Paulus MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wittmann M;Simmons AN;Aron JL;Paulus MP
许多研究已经检验了对持续时间从毫秒到几秒的时间的感知，但是这些过程的神经基础仍然知之甚少，并且多秒间隔感知背后的神经基础也是未知的。在这里，我们使用事件相关功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 提供了人脑限定区域中神经系统活动的证据，这些区域涉及在时间再现任务中对持续时间为 9 秒和 18 秒的间隔进行编码。在编码过程中，内侧额叶和岛叶皮层的后部区域有更大的激活，而复制阶段则涉及这些大脑结构的更多前部区域。有趣的是，随着时间的推移，激活曲线显示出神经活动的累积模式，当个体呈现 9 秒和 18 秒的音调间隔时，神经活动在双侧后岛叶和上颞叶皮层内的间隔结束时达到峰值。这与累加器类型的活动一致，累加器类型的活动对多秒范围内的持续时间进行编码。鉴于背侧后岛叶与上升的内部身体信号之间的密切联系，我们认为身体状态的生理变化的积累构成了我们对时间的体验。这是第一次检测到后岛叶中的累积函数可能与时间间隔的编码相关。
A number of studies have examined the perception of time with durations ranging from milliseconds to a few seconds, however the neural basis of these processes are still poorly understood and the neural substrates underlying the perception of multiple-second intervals are unknown. Here we present evidence of neural systems activity in circumscribed areas of the human brain involved in the encoding of intervals with durations of 9 and 18 seconds in a temporal reproduction task using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). During the encoding there was greater activation in more posterior parts of the medial frontal and insular cortex whereas the reproduction phase involved more anterior parts of these brain structures. Intriguingly, activation curves over time show an accumulating pattern of neural activity, which peaks at the end of the interval within bilateral posterior insula and superior temporal cortex when individuals are presented with 9- and 18-second tone intervals. This is consistent with an accumulator-type activity, which encodes duration in the multiple seconds range. Given the close connection between the dorsal posterior insula and ascending internal body signals, we suggest that the accumulation of physiological changes in body states constitutes our experience of time. This is the first time that an accumulation function in the posterior insula is detected that might be correlated with the encoding of time intervals.
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