Novel participant-level meta-analytic evidence for AbSANT efficacy.
Novel participant-level meta-analytic evidence for AbSANT efficacy.
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AbSANT疗效的新参与者水平荟萃分析证据。
DOI：
10.3389/fresc.2023.1017389
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dickey, Michael Walsh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sandberg, Chaleece W. W.;Khorassani, Hannah;Gray, Teresa;Dickey, Michael Walsh
当前的研究采用中断时间序列（ITS）模型来分析所有可用（已发表和未发表）的抽象语义关联网络训练（AbSANT）数据。 AbSANT 是一种以语义为中心的贫血治疗方法，不仅针对具体词汇，还针对抽象词汇，这在现有的贫血治疗方法中是独一无二的。然而，迄今为止 AbSANT 积极作用的证据仅来自小样本、单受试者设计研究，限制了该证据的强度以及从中得出的推论。这个更大的汇总样本提供的统计能力和更大的代表性使我们能够寻找 AbSANT 的组级疗效证据，检查有关 AbSANT 直接训练和泛化效果的具体问题，并确定 AbSANT 治疗反应的潜在预测因素和机制。我们发现，在来自 4 个不同数据源的 33 名参与者中，AbSANT 似乎是一种强大的单词检索治疗方案，其整体直接训练和泛化效果比暴露效果更有意义。与之前的小样本研究结论类似，我们发现在这个大样本中，训练抽象词不仅比训练具体词产生更大的直接训练效果，而且产生更大的泛化效果，这表明虽然 AbSANT 成功地提高了抽象词和具体词的检索，但它可能更适合训练抽象词。一般来说，治疗结束后，直接训练效果比泛化效果更持久，具体词的效果比抽象词更持久。此外，泛化效果似乎与简单接触单词的效果不同，并且泛化效果与 AbSANT 假设的作用机制一致：将激活从直接训练的概念传播到相关概念。同样与这种机制一致的是，我们发现轻度失语症以及概念和词汇语义处理能力可以预测直接训练和泛化增益，并且执行功能可以预测泛化效果。因此，在评估 AbSANT 对个人客户的适当性时，考虑这些因素非常重要。
The current study employed interrupted time series (ITS) models to analyze all available (published and unpublished) Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training (AbSANT) data. AbSANT is a semantically focused anomia treatment that targets not only concrete but abstract words, unique among existing anomia treatments. However, evidence to date for the positive effects of AbSANT comes only from small-sample, single-subject design studies, limiting the strength of this evidence and the inferences that can be drawn from it. The statistical power and greater representativeness afforded by this larger aggregated sample enabled us to look for group-level efficacy evidence for AbSANT, examine specific questions about AbSANT's direct training and generalization effects, and identify potential predictors and mechanisms of AbSANT treatment response. We found that across 33 participants from four different data sources, AbSANT appears to be a robust word retrieval therapy protocol, with overall direct training and generalization effects that were more meaningful than exposure effects. Similar to previous smaller-sample study conclusions, we found that in this large sample, training abstract words results not only in larger direct training effects than training concrete words, but also larger generalization effects, suggesting that while AbSANT successfully improves both abstract and concrete word retrieval, it may be better suited for training abstract words. In general, direct training effects were more persistent after treatment ended than generalization effects and effects for concrete words were more persistent than for abstract words. Additionally, the effects of generalization appear to be distinct from the effects of simple exposure to words, and generalization effects are consistent with AbSANT's hypothesized mechanism of action: spreading activation from directly trained concepts to related concepts. Also consistent with this mechanism, we found that milder aphasia and both conceptual and lexical semantic processing ability predicted both direct training and generalization gains, and that executive function was predictive of generalization effects. These factors are thus important to consider when evaluating the appropriateness of AbSANT for individual clients.
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