Targeting Specific Sites in Biological Systems with Synchrotron X-Ray Microbeams for Radiobiological Studies at the Photon Factory
Targeting Specific Sites in Biological Systems with Synchrotron X-Ray Microbeams for Radiobiological Studies at the Photon Factory
复制标题
在光子工厂使用同步加速器 X 射线微束瞄准生物系统中的特定位点进行放射生物学研究
DOI：
10.3390/qubs4010002
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
N. Usami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Yokoya;N. Usami
x射线微光束已被用于探索由靶向生命系统中特定部位引起的放射生物学效应。来自日本Photon Factory的同步辐射具有高亮度和高度平行方向性，是一种适合提供特定光束尺寸或形状的光源，可以根据目标形态使用简单的金属狭缝系统（光束尺寸从5 μm到几毫米）来改变光束尺寸或形状。研究已经检查了非靶向效应，称为旁观者细胞反应，这被认为是实际辐射风险研究中低剂量或低剂量率效应的基本机制。几十微米或更小的窄微光束同时瞄准细胞核和细胞质。我们的方法与活细胞成像技术相结合，挑战了传统的放射生物学教条，即DNA损伤是辐射诱导遗传改变的唯一主要原因，并逐渐揭示了细胞器（如线粒体）在这些生物效应中的作用。此外，三维培养细胞系统已被用作微束靶来模拟器官。结合x射线微束的空间分割和独特的离体睾丸器官培养技术，揭示了非均匀辐射场诱导的组织保留效应。空间分异x射线束在临床放射治疗中有很好的应用前景。
X-ray microbeams have been used to explore radiobiological effects induced by targeting a specific site in living systems. Synchrotron radiation from the Photon Factory, Japan, with high brilliance and highly parallel directionality is a source suitable for delivering a particular beam size or shape, which can be changed according to target morphology by using a simple metal slit system (beam size from 5 μm to several millimeters). Studies have examined the non-targeted effects, called bystander cellular responses, which are thought to be fundamental mechanisms of low-dose or low-dose-rate effects in practical radiation risk research. Narrow microbeams several tens of micrometers or less in their size targeted both the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm. Our method combined with live-cell imaging techniques has challenged the traditional radiobiological dogma that DNA damage is the only major cause of radiation-induced genetic alterations and is gradually revealing the role of organelles, such as mitochondria, in these biological effects. Furthermore, three-dimensionally cultured cell systems have been used as microbeam targets to mimic organs. Combining the spatial fractionation of X-ray microbeams and a unique ex vivo testes organ culture technique revealed that the tissue-sparing effect was induced in response to the non-uniform radiation fields. Spatially fractionated X-ray beams may be a promising tool in clinical radiation therapy.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Zhou H;Hong M;Chai Y;Hei TK
通讯作者：
Hei TK