Loneliness, health, and mortality in old age: a national longitudinal study.
Loneliness, health, and mortality in old age: a national longitudinal study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.028
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Cacioppo, John T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Ye;Hawkley, Louise C.;Waite, Linda J.;Cacioppo, John T.
关键词：
这项研究使用了2002年至2008年健康与退休研究浪潮中的2，101名50岁及以上的美国全国代表性样本，研究了孤独，健康和死亡率之间的关系。我们估计了孤独感对随后六年死亡率的影响，并调查了社会关系，健康行为和健康结果作为孤独感影响美国老年人死亡风险的潜在机制。我们将健康结果操作为抑郁症状，自评健康和功能限制，我们将孤独感和每个健康结果之间的关系概念化为相互和动态的。我们发现，在6年的时间里，孤独感与死亡风险增加有关，这种影响不能用社会关系或健康行为来解释，但可以用健康结果来解释。在交叉滞后面板模型，测试孤独和健康的相互前瞻性影响，孤独都影响，并随着时间的推移，抑郁症状和功能限制的影响，并在后来的自我评价的健康有边际效应。这些基于人口的数据有助于越来越多的文献表明，孤独是发病率和死亡率的一个风险因素，并指出了这一过程的潜在机制。
This study examined the relationship between loneliness, health, and mortality using a U.S. nationally representative sample of 2,101 adults aged 50 years and over from the 2002 to 2008 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. We estimated the effect of loneliness at one point on mortality over the subsequent six years, and investigated social relationships, health behaviors, and health outcomes as potential mechanisms through which loneliness affects mortality risk among older Americans. We operationalized health outcomes as depressive symptoms, self-rated health, and functional limitations, and we conceptualized the relationships between loneliness and each health outcome as reciprocal and dynamic. We found that feelings of loneliness were associated with increased mortality risk over a 6-year period, and that this effect was not explained by social relationships or health behaviors but was modestly explained by health outcomes. In cross-lagged panel models that tested the reciprocal prospective effects of loneliness and health, loneliness both affected and was affected by depressive symptoms and functional limitations over time, and had marginal effects on later self-rated health. These population-based data contribute to a growing literature indicating that loneliness is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality and point to potential mechanisms through which this process works.
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DOI：
10.1080/10705519909540118
发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
6
作者：
Hu, Li-tze;Bentler, Peter M.
通讯作者：
Bentler, Peter M.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hawkley, Louise C.;Thisted, Ronald A.;Cacioppo, John T.
通讯作者：
Cacioppo, John T.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hawkley, Louise C.;Preacher, Kristopher J.;Cacioppo, John T.
通讯作者：
Cacioppo, John T.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Hughes, ME;Waite, LJ;Cacioppo, JT
通讯作者：
Cacioppo, JT
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
KIECOLTGLASER, JK;GARNER, W;GLASER, R
通讯作者：
GLASER, R