Early T cell and binding antibody responses are associated with COVID-19 RNA vaccine efficacy onset.
Early T cell and binding antibody responses are associated with COVID-19 RNA vaccine efficacy onset.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.medj.2021.04.003
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发表时间：
2021-06-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Low JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalimuddin S;Tham CYL;Qui M;de Alwis R;Sim JXY;Lim JME;Tan HC;Syenina A;Zhang SL;Le Bert N;Tan AT;Leong YS;Yee JX;Ong EZ;Ooi EE;Bertoletti A;Low JG
针对 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的 RNA 疫苗在 III 期临床试验中已证明有约 95% 的功效。尽管完整的疫苗接种由 2 剂组成，但早在单剂后 12 天就观察到两种获得许可的 RNA 疫苗的保护作用开始显现。与这种保护作用同时发生的适应性免疫反应可能代表了针对 COVID-19 的免疫的必要要素。在接受第一剂辉瑞/BioNTech BNT162b2 疫苗后，对 20 名医护人员进行了血清学和 T 细胞分析。主要终点是给药后第 7 天和第 10 天可检测到的适应性免疫反应。在接种第一剂疫苗 10 天后，可以检测到刺突特异性 T 细胞和结合抗体，而受体阻断抗体和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 中和抗体在这个早期时间点大多无法检测到。我们的研究结果表明，早期 T 细胞和结合抗体反应，而不是受体阻断或病毒中和活性，诱导了针对 COVID-19 的早期保护。该研究由 The Hour Glass 的慷慨捐赠资助，以支持 COVID-19 研究。 RNA 疫苗最早在第一剂疫苗接种后 12 天就显示出预防 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的功效。疫苗功效的发挥为定义针对 COVID-19 的免疫力的必要要素提供了独特的机会。卡里穆丁等人。纵向跟踪了 20 名医护人员在接种第一剂辉瑞/BioNTech BNT162b2 疫苗后的血清学和 T 细胞反应。第一次给药后第 10 天可检测到抗刺突免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 和 IgA 抗体以及刺突特异性 T 细胞；此时中和抗体和受体阻断抗体基本上仍检测不到。这些结果表明，结合抗体和 T 细胞反应负责对 COVID-19 进行早期保护，并呼吁谨慎对待中和抗体绝对需要保护的普遍观念。卡里穆丁等人。研究表明，刺突蛋白结合抗体和刺突特异性 T 细胞（而非中和抗体）可以解释第一剂 BNT162b2 疫苗接种后疫苗功效的发挥。他们的研究结果提供了对预防 COVID-19 所需的适应性免疫反应组成部分的深入了解。
RNA vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have demonstrated ∼95% efficacy in phase III clinical trials. Although complete vaccination consisted of 2 doses, the onset of protection for both licensed RNA vaccines was observed as early as 12 days after a single dose. The adaptive immune response that coincides with this onset of protection could represent the necessary elements of immunity against COVID-19. Serological and T cell analysis was performed in a cohort of 20 healthcare workers after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine. The primary endpoint was the adaptive immune responses detectable at days 7 and 10 after dosing. Spike-specific T cells and binding antibodies were detectable 10 days after the first dose of the vaccine, in contrast to receptor-blocking and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibodies, which were mostly undetectable at this early time point. Our findings suggest that early T cell and binding antibody responses, rather than either receptor-blocking or virus neutralizing activity, induced early protection against COVID-19. The study was funded by a generous donation from The Hour Glass to support COVID-19 research. RNA vaccines have shown efficacy in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as early as 12 days after the first dose. Vaccine efficacy onset presents a unique opportunity to define the necessary elements of immunity against COVID-19. Kalimuddin et al. tracked the serological and T cell responses longitudinally in 20 healthcare workers after the first Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine dose. Anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies and spike-specific T cells were detectable at day 10 after the first dose; neutralizing and receptor-blocking antibodies remained mostly undetectable at this time point. These results suggest that binding antibodies and T cell responses are responsible for early protection against COVID-19 and call for circumspection on the prevailing notion that neutralizing antibodies are absolutely required for protection. Kalimuddin et al. show that spike protein-binding antibodies and spike-specific T cells, but not neutralizing antibodies, could explain the onset of vaccine efficacy after the first dose of BNT162b2 vaccination. Their findings provide insight into the components of the adaptive immune response necessary for protection against COVID-19.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2034577
发表时间：
2020-12-31
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
C4591001 Clinical Trial Group
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
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Alter G
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.;Okba, Nisreen M. A.;Koopmans, Marion
通讯作者：
Koopmans, Marion
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20202617
发表时间：
2021-05-03
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Le Bert N;Clapham HE;Tan AT;Chia WN;Tham CYL;Lim JM;Kunasegaran K;Tan LWL;Dutertre CA;Shankar N;Lim JME;Sun LJ;Zahari M;Tun ZM;Kumar V;Lim BL;Lim SH;Chia A;Tan YJ;Tambyah PA;Kalimuddin S;Lye D;Low JGH;Wang LF;Wan WY;Hsu LY;Bertoletti A;Tam CC
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wang, Lin-Fa