Estimating Spatio-Temporal Risks from Volcanic Eruptions Using an Agent-Based Model

Estimating Spatio-Temporal Risks from Volcanic Eruptions Using an Agent-Based Model
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使用基于代理的模型估计火山喷发的时空风险

DOI:
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
D. Quincey
D. Quincey
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
J. Jumadi;N. Malleson;S. Carver;D. Quincey

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管理由自然事件引起的灾害,特别是火山危机,需要多种方法,包括风险建模和分析。风险建模通常在社区/区域尺度上使用GIS进行。然而,人和物体会随着危机而移动,因此静态方法不能正确捕捉风险的动态,因为它们不能适应物体在时间和空间中的移动。基于主体的建模的出现使得在个体层面上对风险进行建模成为可能,因为风险随时间和空间的变化而变化。本文以印度尼西亚默拉皮火山为例,提出了一种将多准则评价(MCE)集成到基于地理参考主体的模型中的风险时空动态模型(STDMR)的新方法。该模型使模拟火山危机期间处于危险中的人们的时空动态成为可能。重要的是,个体脆弱性是异质的,取决于相关个体的特征。个体的风险是动态的,并随着危险和他们的位置而变化。该模型能够突出显示少数高风险的时空位置,在这些位置,由于撤离火山的个人的行为和危险本身的动态,这些时间和地点的总体风险极高。这些结果与利益相关者非常相关,并且将ABM、MCE和动态火山灾害相结合的工作既新颖又与环境相关。
: Managingdisasterscausedbynaturalevents,especiallyvolcaniccrises,requiresarangeofapproaches, including risk modelling and analysis. Risk modelling is commonly conducted at the community/regional scale using GIS. However, people and objects move in response to a crisis, so static approaches cannot capture the dynamics of the risk properly, as they do not accommodate objects’ movements within time and space. The emergence of Agent-Based Modelling makes it possible to model the risk at an individual level as it evolves over space and time. We propose a new approach of Spatio-Temporal Dynamics Model of Risk (STDMR) by integrating multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) within a georeferenced agent-based model, using Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, as a case study. The model makes it possible to simulate the spatio-temporal dynamics of those at risk during a volcanic crisis. Importantly, individual vulnerability is heterogeneous and depends on the characteristics of the individuals concerned. The risk for the individuals is dynamic and changes along with the hazard and their location. The model is able to highlight a small number of high-risk spatio-temporal positions where, due to the behaviour of individuals who are evacuating the volcano and the dynamics of the hazard itself, the overall risk in those times and places is extremely high. These outcomes are extremely relevant for the stakeholders, and the work of coupling an ABM, MCE, and dynamic volcanic hazard is both novel and contextually relevant.
DOI: --
发表时间: 1999
期刊: --
影响因子: --
作者:
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印度尼西亚中爪哇省默拉皮火山的地质演化
DOI: 10.1007/s00445-012-0591-3
发表时间: 2012
影响因子: 3.5
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.001
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影响因子: 2.9
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