Bottom trawl fishing footprints on the world's continental shelves.
Bottom trawl fishing footprints on the world's continental shelves.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1802379115
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发表时间：
2018-10-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Jennings S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amoroso RO;Pitcher CR;Rijnsdorp AD;McConnaughey RA;Parma AM;Suuronen P;Eigaard OR;Bastardie F;Hintzen NT;Althaus F;Baird SJ;Black J;Buhl-Mortensen L;Campbell AB;Catarino R;Collie J;Cowan JH Jr;Durholtz D;Engstrom N;Fairweather TP;Fock HO;Ford R;Gálvez PA;Gerritsen H;Góngora ME;González JA;Hiddink JG;Hughes KM;Intelmann SS;Jenkins C;Jonsson P;Kainge P;Kangas M;Kathena JN;Kavadas S;Leslie RW;Lewis SG;Lundy M;Makin D;Martin J;Mazor T;Gonzalez-Mirelis G;Newman SJ;Papadopoulou N;Posen PE;Rochester W;Russo T;Sala A;Semmens JM;Silva C;Tsolos A;Vanelslander B;Wakefield CB;Wood BA;Hilborn R;Kaiser MJ;Jennings S
我们对五大洲和新西兰大陆架和斜坡上的24个区域的底拖网捕捞足迹进行了系统的高分辨率分析。各区域之间的海底拖网捕捞比例差异超过200倍（从0.4%到80.7%的面积到1 000米的深度）。在18个区域内，三分之二以上的海底区域在2至6年的研究期间仍未进行拖网捕捞。拖网捕捞活动总量和足迹之间的关系是强有力的，积极的，提供了一种方法来估计拖网捕捞足迹的地区，高分辨率数据不可用。在渔业达到开发率目标的区域，拖网的足迹一般较小，这意味着有效渔业管理的附带环境效益。底拖网渔船每年捕获约1900万吨鱼类和无脊椎动物，几乎是野生海洋上岸量的四分之一。底拖网捕捞足迹（在特定区域和时间段内至少拖网捕捞一次的海底区域）的范围往往有争议，但描述得很差。我们使用高分辨率卫星船舶监测系统（VMS）和航海日志数据对24个大陆架和斜坡的足迹进行了量化，深度为1,000米，时间至少为2年。拖网的足迹在各区域之间差异很大：从澳大利亚和新西兰沃茨、阿留申群岛、东白令海、南智利和阿拉斯加湾的不到10%的海底面积到一些欧洲海域的50%以上。总体而言，780万平方公里的研究区域中有14%被拖网捕捞，86%没有拖网捕捞。拖网捕捞活动是聚集的;占90%活动的最密集拖网捕捞区平均占足迹的77%。区域扫掠面积比（SAR;每年拖网捕捞的总扫掠面积与区域总面积的比率，拖网捕捞强度的度量）和足迹面积相关，提供了一种方法来估计区域拖网捕捞足迹时，高分辨率的空间数据不可用。如果SAR ≤0.1，24个区域中有8个区域的SAR ≤0.1，则90%以上的海床未被拖网捕捞的可能性大于95%。如果SAR为7.9，等于记录的最高SAR，则有>95%的可能性，即>70%的海床被拖网捕捞。在捕捞率始终达到国际鱼类种群可持续性基准的区域，足迹较小，SAR ≤0.25，这意味着可持续捕捞的附带环境效益。
We conducted a systematic, high-resolution analysis of bottom trawl fishing footprints for 24 regions on continental shelves and slopes of five continents and New Zealand. The proportion of seabed trawled varied >200-fold among regions (from 0.4 to 80.7% of area to a depth of 1,000 m). Within 18 regions, more than two-thirds of seabed area remained untrawled during study periods of 2–6 years. Relationships between metrics of total trawling activity and footprint were strong and positive, providing a method to estimate trawling footprints for regions where high-resolution data are not available. Trawling footprints were generally smaller in regions where fisheries met targets for exploitation rates, implying collateral environmental benefits of effective fisheries management. Bottom trawlers land around 19 million tons of fish and invertebrates annually, almost one-quarter of wild marine landings. The extent of bottom trawling footprint (seabed area trawled at least once in a specified region and time period) is often contested but poorly described. We quantify footprints using high-resolution satellite vessel monitoring system (VMS) and logbook data on 24 continental shelves and slopes to 1,000-m depth over at least 2 years. Trawling footprint varied markedly among regions: from <10% of seabed area in Australian and New Zealand waters, the Aleutian Islands, East Bering Sea, South Chile, and Gulf of Alaska to >50% in some European seas. Overall, 14% of the 7.8 million-km2 study area was trawled, and 86% was not trawled. Trawling activity was aggregated; the most intensively trawled areas accounting for 90% of activity comprised 77% of footprint on average. Regional swept area ratio (SAR; ratio of total swept area trawled annually to total area of region, a metric of trawling intensity) and footprint area were related, providing an approach to estimate regional trawling footprints when high-resolution spatial data are unavailable. If SAR was ≤0.1, as in 8 of 24 regions, there was >95% probability that >90% of seabed was not trawled. If SAR was 7.9, equal to the highest SAR recorded, there was >95% probability that >70% of seabed was trawled. Footprints were smaller and SAR was ≤0.25 in regions where fishing rates consistently met international sustainability benchmarks for fish stocks, implying collateral environmental benefits from sustainable fishing.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
CHURCHILL, JH
通讯作者：
CHURCHILL, JH
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Hintzen, Niels T.;Bastardie, Francois;Degel, Henrik
通讯作者：
Degel, Henrik
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Hintzen, Niels T.;Piet, Gerjan J.;Brunel, Thomas
通讯作者：
Brunel, Thomas
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Gerritsen, Hans;Lordan, Colm
通讯作者：
Lordan, Colm
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1618858114
发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Hiddink, Jan Geert;Jennings, Simon;Kaiser, Michel J.
通讯作者：
Kaiser, Michel J.