Food restriction reduces neurogenesis in the avian hippocampal formation.
Food restriction reduces neurogenesis in the avian hippocampal formation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0189158
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Smulders TV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robertson BA;Rathbone L;Cirillo G;D'Eath RB;Bateson M;Boswell T;Wilson PW;Dunn IC;Smulders TV
哺乳动物的海马体特别容易受到慢性压力的影响。成年人齿状回的神经发生受到慢性应激和糖皮质激素的抑制。出生后和成年后的神经发生也存在于鸟类海马结构中，但对其对慢性应激的敏感性知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们调查了这个问题的商业鸟类模型：肉种鸡。商业肉鸡育种者在发育过程中受到食物限制，以操纵其生长曲线并避免负面健康结果，包括肥胖和繁殖性能差。除了知道这些鸡比完全喂养的鸡更健康，而且它们有很高的进食动机之外，人们对食物限制如何影响动物的生理机能知之甚少。鸡在出生后的前12周内保持商业食物限制饮食，或从出生后的第7-12周通过随意喂食来解除这种限制。为了检验慢性食物限制减少海马结构中新神经元（神经发生）的产生的假设，在组织收集前一周注射细胞增殖标记物溴脱氧尿苷。血浆皮质酮水平在限食期间升高，即使下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴激活的分子标志物在治疗之间没有差异。新的海马神经元的密度显着减少，在食物限制的条件下，相比，鸡喂自由采食，在大鼠在一个类似的发展阶段的研究结果相似。食物限制不影响海马体积或神经元总数。这些发现表明，在鸟类中，像在哺乳动物中一样，海马神经发生的减少与长期升高的皮质酮水平有关，因此通常可能与慢性应激有关。这一发现与鸟类海马结构中对应激源的反应与哺乳动物海马结构中的反应是同源的这一假设是一致的。
The mammalian hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to chronic stress. Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus is suppressed by chronic stress and by administration of glucocorticoid hormones. Post-natal and adult neurogenesis are present in the avian hippocampal formation as well, but much less is known about its sensitivity to chronic stressors. In this study, we investigate this question in a commercial bird model: the broiler breeder chicken. Commercial broiler breeders are food restricted during development to manipulate their growth curve and to avoid negative health outcomes, including obesity and poor reproductive performance. Beyond knowing that these chickens are healthier than fully-fed birds and that they have a high motivation to eat, little is known about how food restriction impacts the animals' physiology. Chickens were kept on a commercial food-restricted diet during the first 12 weeks of life, or released from this restriction by feeding them ad libitum from weeks 7–12 of life. To test the hypothesis that chronic food restriction decreases the production of new neurons (neurogenesis) in the hippocampal formation, the cell proliferation marker bromodeoxyuridine was injected one week prior to tissue collection. Corticosterone levels in blood plasma were elevated during food restriction, even though molecular markers of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation did not differ between the treatments. The density of new hippocampal neurons was significantly reduced in the food-restricted condition, as compared to chickens fed ad libitum, similar to findings in rats at a similar developmental stage. Food restriction did not affect hippocampal volume or the total number of neurons. These findings indicate that in birds, like in mammals, reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis is associated with chronically elevated corticosterone levels, and therefore potentially with chronic stress in general. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that the response to stressors in the avian hippocampal formation is homologous to that of the mammalian hippocampus.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.121034798
发表时间：
2001-06-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Biegler, R;McGregor, A;Healy, SD
通讯作者：
Healy, SD
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Dickens, M.;Romero, L. M.;Meddle, S. L.
通讯作者：
Meddle, S. L.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Dixon, Laura M.;Brocklehurst, Sarah;D'Eath, Rick B.
通讯作者：
D'Eath, Rick B.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Brummelte, S.;Galea, L. A. M.
通讯作者：
Galea, L. A. M.
DOI：
10.2307/3676661
发表时间：
1992-07-01
期刊：
ORNIS SCANDINAVICA
影响因子：
--
作者：
ASTHEIMER, LB;BUTTEMER, WA;WINGFIELD, JC
通讯作者：
WINGFIELD, JC