Discoid decorations function to shield juvenile Argiope spiders from avian predator attacks
Discoid decorations function to shield juvenile Argiope spiders from avian predator attacks
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盘状装饰可以保护幼年金蛛免受鸟类捕食者的攻击
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arab089
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Li D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang B.J.;Yu L.;Ma L.L.;Zhang Z.T.;Liu Q.;Fan W.R.;Rong Y.;Zhang S.C.;Li D.
装饰行为在各种动物分类群中都很常见，具有从伪装到交流的各种功能。装饰的一个主要功能是躲避捕食者。由圆网Argiope幼蛛织成的引人注目的圆盘状（盘状）丝装饰被假设为保护蜘蛛免受视觉捕食者的攻击，通过在网上隐藏蜘蛛的轮廓，转移攻击，保护它们不被看到，或者伪装成鸟粪。然而，直接证据是有限的具体机制，盘状装饰可能会阻止捕食者。在这里，我们评估的机制，盘状装饰可能保护阿根廷幼鱼对naïve小鸡。利用视觉模型，我们证明了鸟类捕食者能够区分蜘蛛和盘状装饰物。通过雏鸟捕食实验，我们发现naïve雏鸟很容易啄任何物体，排除了它们恐新症的可能性。当小鸡暴露在小鸡面前时，不管它们的网是否有盘状装饰，攻击蜘蛛的小鸡明显更多，但当它们在装饰后面时，攻击蜘蛛的小鸡很少。我们还发现，当蜘蛛不在或在装饰品后面时，很少有小鸡攻击装饰品。因此，我们得出结论，圆盘状装饰的功能是通过屏蔽蜘蛛的视线或分散注意力来阻止鸟类捕食者，而不是通过转移攻击、隐藏蜘蛛的轮廓或伪装成鸟粪。这项研究揭示了其他类似的反捕食者策略的研究，在广泛的蜘蛛物种和其他动物使用装饰策略。
Decorating behavior is common in various animal taxa and serves a variety of functions from camouflage to communication. One predominant function cited for decoration is to avoid predators. Conspicuous, disc-like (discoid) silk decorations spun by orb-web Argiope juvenile spiders are hypothesized, among others, to defend spiders against visual predators by concealing spider outlines on the web, deflecting attacks, shielding them from view, or masquerading as bird-droppings. However, the direct evidence is limited for a specific mechanism by which discoid decorations may deter predators. Here we evaluate the mechanisms by which discoid decorations may defend Argiope juveniles against naïve chicks. Using visual modeling, we show that avian predators are able to distinguish spiders from discoid decorations. Using chick predation experiments, we found that the naïve chicks readily pecked any objects, ruling out the possibility of their neophobia. Significantly more chicks attacked spiders when they were exposed to chicks, regardless of whether their webs had discoid decorations, but few chicks attacked spiders when they were behind the decorations. We also found that significantly few chicks attacked decorations when spiders were absent or behind the decorations. We thus conclude that discoid decorations function to deter avian predators by shielding the spider from view or distracting, not by deflecting attacks, concealing the spider’s outline, or masquerading as bird-droppings. This study sheds light on the study of other similar anti-predator strategies, in a wide range of spider species and other animals that use decorating strategies.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Daiqin Li;W. Lee
通讯作者：
Daiqin Li;W. Lee
影响因子：
10
作者：
André Walter;M. Elgar
通讯作者：
André Walter;M. Elgar
鸟类被蜘蛛伪装以避免捕食者的证据。
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Liu MH;Blamires SJ;Liao CP;Tso IM
通讯作者：
Tso IM
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Kram YA;Mantey S;Corbo JC
通讯作者：
Corbo JC
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
M. Hauber
通讯作者：
M. Hauber