Purifying selection in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ORF5a protein influences variation in envelope glycoprotein 5 glycosylation.

Purifying selection in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ORF5a protein influences variation in envelope glycoprotein 5 glycosylation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.meegid.2013.09.022
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发表时间:
2013-12
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Murtaugh, Michael P.
Murtaugh, Michael P.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Robinson, Sally R.;Abrahante, Juan E.;Johnson, Craig R.;Murtaugh, Michael P.

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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5a蛋白由亚基因组mRNA5中主要包膜糖蛋白(GP5)上游的一个选择性开放阅读框编码。对3466个2型猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒序列的生物信息学分析表明,这两种蛋白通过密码子使用的精细平衡共同进化,以在ORF5a蛋白中维持一个保守的富含RQ的基序,同时在选择性的GP5阅读框中产生一个可变的N -连接糖基化基序。ORF5a蛋白RQ基序的保守性也解释了GP5高变糖基化区域中一个异常的尿嘧啶缺失区。成熟GP5蛋白的N末端被确认为从氨基酸32开始,即胞外域的高变区。由于GP5糖基化的可变性被认为是由针对中和抗体的免疫选择导致的,这些发现表明,一种与免疫选择无关的替代可能性不仅存在,而且为研究猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒生物学中先前未被怀疑的方面提供了基础。理解在ORF5a蛋白和GP5糖基化中负责关键功能的区域内细微核苷酸序列修饰的功能后果,对于合理设计针对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的新疫苗至关重要。
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus ORF5a protein is encoded in an alternate open reading frame upstream of the major envelope glycoprotein (GP5) in subgenomic mRNA5. Bioinformatic analysis of 3,466 Type 2 PRRSV sequences showed that the two proteins have co-evolved through a fine balance of purifying codon usage to maintain a conserved RQ-rich motif in ORF5a protein, while eliciting a variable N-linked glycosylation motif in the alternative GP5 reading frame. Conservation of the ORF5a protein RQ-motif also explains an anomalous uracil desert in GP5 hypervariable glycosylation region. The N-terminus of the mature GP5 protein was confirmed to start with amino acid 32, the hypervariable region of the ectodomain. Since GP5 glycosylation variability is assumed to result from immunological selection against neutralizing antibodies, these findings show that an alternative possibility unrelated to immunological selection not only exists, but provides a foundation for investigating previously unsuspected aspects of PRRSV biology. Understanding functional consequences of subtle nucleotide sequence modifications in the region responsible for critical function in ORF5a protein and GP5 glycosylation is essential for rational design of new vaccines against PRRS.
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