Face processing in the chimpanzee brain.
Face processing in the chimpanzee brain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.048
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发表时间：
2009-01-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Votaw JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parr LA;Hecht E;Barks SK;Preuss TM;Votaw JR
在人类中，人脸识别涉及高度专业化的认知和神经过程，使人们能够识别特定的个人。虽然比较研究表明，黑猩猩和人类的面部识别过程相似[SOM#1]，但目前尚不清楚黑猩猩是否也在颞叶腹侧皮质表现出面部选择活动。这项研究首次使用18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描技术检测了黑猩猩在完成匹配同类人脸和非人脸物体的计算机化任务后的局部脑葡萄糖代谢(SOM#2)。一项在五只黑猩猩身上直接比较这两项任务的全脑分析显示，在人类已知的组成分布式皮质面孔处理网络的大脑区域，包括颞上沟和眶前皮质，存在显著的面孔选择活动。为了识别在一个任务期间独占活动的区域，而不是另一个任务，从每个任务中减去休息状态条件，并识别每个任务独有的活动。这揭示了梭形回中散布在大片目标选择皮层中的许多明显的面部选择活动。这一模式表明，黑猩猩和人类的腹侧颞叶皮质中的物体形状相似，其中面部可能代表一种特殊的视觉刺激。
Among humans, face recognition involves highly specialized cognitive and neural processes that enable the recognition of specific individuals. While comparative studies suggest similar cognitive processes underlie face recognition in chimpanzees and humans [, SOM#1], it remains unknown whether chimpanzees also show face-selective activity in ventral temporal cortex. This study is the first to examine regional cerebral glucose metabolism using 18F-Flurodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in chimpanzees after they performed computerized tasks matching conspecifics’ faces and nonface objects (SOM#2). A whole brain analysis comparing these two tasks directly in five chimpanzees revealed significant face-selective activity in brain regions known to comprise the distributed cortical face processing network in humans, including superior temporal sulcus and orbitofrontal cortex. In order to identify regions that were exclusively active during one task, but not the other, a resting-state condition was subtracted from each task and the activity exclusive to each task was identified. This revealed numerous distinct patches of face-selective activity in the fusiform gyrus that were interspersed within a large expanse of object-selective cortex. This pattern suggests similar object form topography in the ventral temporal cortex of chimpanzees and humans, in which faces may represent a special class of visual stimulus.
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