REVIEW: Small Bowel Review: Normal Physiology Part 1
REVIEW: Small Bowel Review: Normal Physiology Part 1
复制标题
回顾：小肠回顾：正常生理学第 1 部分
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Gary Wild
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Thomson;L. Drozdowski;C. Iordache;B. Thomson;S. Vermeire;M. Clandinin;Gary Wild
在过去的一年中，在小肠生理学、病理学和治疗方面取得了许多进展。在准备这次审查时，评估了1500多篇论文。重点是为执业胃肠病学家提供临床有用的信息。选定的重要临床学习要点包括：(1)SGLT1介导的葡萄糖吸收受mRNA丰度以及包括蛋白质转运在内的转录后过程的控制；(2)细胞色素P-450诱导剂减少肠道内葡萄糖和果糖的吸收，增加葡萄糖消耗；(3)营养物质从胃向上肠的调节释放，保证了适度的肠道运输储备能力不被超过；(4)肝细胞生长因子和短链脂肪酸可增强肠道的适应性，防止肠外全营养的萎缩；(5)作为肥胖和高脂血症治疗方案的一部分，胰脂肪酶和磷脂酶H2抑制剂可能在临床上有助于减少吸收；(6)在肠细胞和肝细胞中已经发现了几种膜结合蛋白和细胞质蛋白，它们可能是未来治疗胆汁酸代谢和控制高脂血症的靶点；(7)怀疑胆汁酸吸收不良的患者有其他原因不明的慢性腹泻；(8)一部分脂质吸收是由蛋白质介导的，这为靶向这些蛋白质从而治疗性地改变脂质吸收开辟了道路；(9)高蛋白饮食可能有助于增加由H+/二肽共转运体运输的药物的肠道吸收；（10）发现了一种金属转运蛋白DCT1，这可能为更好地理解诸如铁和锌代谢紊乱开辟了道路；（11） SGLT1等营养转运体负责部分肠道水分吸收；（12）一氧化氮对肠道水分吸收和分泌的影响取决于其浓度；（13）胆汁酸隔离剂的试验可能有助于治疗肠内饮食时腹泻的患者；（14）菠萝茎的蛋白水解提取物可能被证明对治疗腹泻有用，尽管这种作用的机制仍有待确定；（15）新型多肽sorbin对腹泻患者的抗分泌作用需要在临床情况下进行检验。其他新的和有前途的止泻剂包括菠萝蛋白酶，一种从菠萝茎中提取的物质，和igmesine，一种最终的sigma配体。
In the past year there have been many advances in the area of small bowel physiology and pathology and therapy. In preparation for this review, over 1500 papers were assessed. The focus is on presenting clinically useful information for the practising gastroenterologist. Selected important clinical learning points include the following: (1) glucose absorption mediated by SGLT1 is controlled by mRNA abundance, as well as by posttranscriptional processes including protein trafficking; (2) inducers of cytochrome P-450 decrease glucose and fructose absorption and increase glucose consumption in the intestine; (3) the regulated release of nutrients from the stomach into the upper intestine ensures that the modest intestinal transport reserve capacity is not exceeded; (4) hepatocyte growth factor and short-chain fatty acids may enhance intestinal adaptation and prevent the atrophy seen when total parenteral nutrition is infused; (5) inhibitors of pancreatic lipase and phospholipase H2 may be useful clinically to reduce absorption as part of a treatment program for obesity and hyperlipidemia; (6) several membrane-bound and cytosolic proteins have been identified in the enterocyte as well as in the hepatocyte and may be the target for the future therapeutic manipulation of bile acid metabolism and control of hyperlipidemia; (7) suspect bile acid malabsorption in the patient with otherwise unexplained chronic diarrhea; (8) a proportion of lipid absorption is protein-mediated, and this opens the way to targeting these proteins and thereby therapeutically modifying lipid absorption; (9) a high protein diet may be useful to increase the intestinal absorption of drugs transported by the H+/dipeptide cotransporter; (10) a metal transporter DCT1 has been identified, and this may open the way to a better understanding of disorders of, for example, iron and zinc metabolism; (11) the nutrient transporters such as SGLT1 are responsible for a portion of the intestinal absorption of water; (12) the influence of nitric oxide on intestinal water absorption and secretion depends on its concentration; (13) a trial of bile acid-sequestering agent may prove useful in the treatment of the patient who experiences diarrhea while taking an enteral diet; (14) a proteolytic extract from pineapple stems may prove to be useful to treat diarrhea, although the mechanism of this effect remains to be established; and (15) the antisecretory effect of the new peptide, sorbin, needs to be tested in a clinical situation on patients with diarrhea. Other new and promising antidiarrheal agents include bromelain, an extract from pineapple stems, and igmesine, a final sigma ligand.
登录
查看更多内容
NHE2 和 NHE3 对兔回肠刷状缘 Na /H 交换的定量贡献。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.1998.274.5.c1261
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wormmeester,L;SanchezdeMedina,F;Kokke,F;Tse,CM;Khurana,S;Bowser,J;Cohen,ME;Donowitz,M
通讯作者：
Donowitz,M
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.1998.275.6.g1445
发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Yang, HY;Jiang, W;Wu, GD
通讯作者：
Wu, GD
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.1998.275.3.g433
发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Chen, JX;Pan, H;Gershon, MD
通讯作者：
Gershon, MD
II 型蛋白激酶 A 调节气道、胰腺和肠道细胞中的 CFTR。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.1998.274.3.c819
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Steagall,WK;Kelley,TJ;Marsick,RJ;Drumm,ML
通讯作者：
Drumm,ML
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.1996.271.6.g969
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hammond,KA;Lam,M;Lloyd,KC;Diamond,J
通讯作者：
Diamond,J