Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in Autoimmune Disease Patients With B Cell Depletion.
Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in Autoimmune Disease Patients With B Cell Depletion.
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DOI：
10.1002/art.41914
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schett G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Simon D;Tascilar K;Schmidt K;Manger B;Weckwerth L;Sokolova M;Bucci L;Fagni F;Manger K;Schuch F;Ronneberger M;Hueber A;Steffen U;Mielenz D;Herrmann M;Harrer T;Kleyer A;Krönke G;Schett G
B细胞耗竭是广泛的自身免疫性疾病的既定治疗原则。然而，B细胞对于感染和接种疫苗后诱导保护性免疫也至关重要。我们进行了这项研究，以评估B细胞耗竭患者和B细胞活性对照者感染或接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后的体液和细胞免疫应答。抗体应答（使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测）和T细胞应答在有限数量的既往感染（n = 6）和接种疫苗（n = 8）的自身免疫性疾病患者（B细胞耗竭）中评估了抗SARS-CoV-2刺突S1和核衣壳蛋白的干扰素-γ酶联免疫斑点试验（使用干扰素-γ酶联免疫斑点试验检测），以及先前感染（n = 30）和接种（n = 30）的健康对照。正如预期的那样，仅在感染后观察到B细胞和T细胞对核衣壳蛋白的反应，而在感染和接种疫苗后均观察到对SARS-CoV-2刺突S1的相应反应。在所有接种疫苗的对照组中观察到SARS-CoV-2抗体应答（30/30 [100%]），但在B细胞耗竭的接种疫苗患者中均未观察到SARS-CoV-2抗体应答（0/8）。相比之下，在SARS-CoV-2感染后，B细胞缺失的患者（刺突S1，6例中的5例[83%];核衣壳，6例中的3例[50%]）和健康对照组（刺突S1，30例中的28例[93%];核衣壳，30例中的28例[93%]）都产生了抗体。在B细胞耗竭的感染和接种疫苗的患者和对照组中均发现了针对刺突S1和核衣壳蛋白的T细胞应答。这些数据表明，B细胞耗竭完全阻断了体液而非T细胞SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种应答。此外，在B细胞耗竭的患者中，发现SARS-CoV-2感染后有限的体液免疫应答。
B cell depletion is an established therapeutic principle in a wide range of autoimmune diseases. However, B cells are also critical for inducing protective immunity after infection and vaccination. We undertook this study to assess humoral and cellular immune responses after infection with or vaccination against SARS–CoV‐2 in patients with B cell depletion and controls who are B cell–competent. Antibody responses (tested using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay) and T cell responses (tested using interferon‐γ enzyme‐linked immunospot assay) against the SARS–CoV‐2 spike S1 and nucleocapsid proteins were assessed in a limited number of previously infected (n = 6) and vaccinated (n = 8) autoimmune disease patients with B cell depletion, as well as previously infected (n = 30) and vaccinated (n = 30) healthy controls. As expected, B cell and T cell responses to the nucleocapsid protein were observed only after infection, while respective responses to SARS–CoV‐2 spike S1 were found after both infection and vaccination. A SARS–CoV‐2 antibody response was observed in all vaccinated controls (30 of 30 [100%]) but in none of the vaccinated patients with B cell depletion (0 of 8). In contrast, after SARS–CoV‐2 infection, both the patients with B cell depletion (spike S1, 5 of 6 [83%]; nucleocapsid, 3 of 6 [50%]) and healthy controls (spike S1, 28 of 30 [93%]; nucleocapsid, 28 of 30 [93%]) developed antibodies. T cell responses against the spike S1 and nucleocapsid proteins were found in both infected and vaccinated patients with B cell depletion and in the controls. These data show that B cell depletion completely blocks humoral but not T cell SARS–CoV‐2 vaccination response. Furthermore, limited humoral immune responses are found after SARS–CoV‐2 infection in patients with B cell depletion.
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影响因子：
82.9
作者：
Ebinger JE;Fert-Bober J;Printsev I;Wu M;Sun N;Prostko JC;Frias EC;Stewart JL;Van Eyk JE;Braun JG;Cheng S;Sobhani K
通讯作者：
Sobhani K
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Simon, David;Tascilar, Koray;Schett, Georg
通讯作者：
Schett, Georg
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Ramwadhdoebe, Tamara H.;van Baarsen, Lisa G. M.;Tak, Paul P.
通讯作者：
Tak, Paul P.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Edwards, JCW;Szczepanski, L;Shaw, T
通讯作者：
Shaw, T
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa0706383
发表时间：
2008-02-14
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hauser, Stephen L;Waubant, Emmanuelle;Smith, Craig H
通讯作者：
Smith, Craig H