Upconversion nanoparticles: synthesis, surface modification and biological applications.

Upconversion nanoparticles: synthesis, surface modification and biological applications.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.nano.2011.02.013
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发表时间:
2011-12
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Xu, Shukun
Xu, Shukun
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang, Meng;Abbineni, Gopal;Clevenger, April;Mao, Chuanbin;Xu, Shukun

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新一代荧光团,也称为上转换纳米粒子(UCNPs),具有通过非线性光学过程将能量较低的近红外辐射转换为能量较高的可见辐射的能力。最近,这些UCNPs已经发展成为传统荧光团的替代荧光标记,在体外和体内应用中显示出巨大的成像和生物检测分析潜力。UCNPs具有独特的发光特性,包括对组织的高穿透深度,低背景信号,大斯托克斯位移,尖锐的发射带和高光漂白抗性,使UCNPs成为克服传统荧光探针当前局限性的有吸引力的替代源。本文综述了稀土掺杂UCNPs的合成和表面改性的最新进展,重点介绍了其在生物领域的应用。
New generation fluorophores, also termed upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), have the ability to convert near infrared radiations with lower energy into visible radiations with higher energy via a non-linear optical process. Recently, these UCNPs have evolved as alternative fluorescent labels to traditional fluorophores, showing great potential for imaging and biodetection assays in both in vitro and in vivo applications. UCNPs exhibit unique luminescent properties, including high penetration depth into tissues, low background signals, large Stokes shifts, sharp emission bands, and high resistance to photo-bleaching, making UCNPs an attractive alternative source for overcoming current limitations in traditional fluorescent probes. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in the synthesis and surface modification of rare earth doped UCNPs with a specific focus on their biological applications.
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