Emissions of organic aerosol mass, black carbon, particle number, and regulated and unregulated gases from scooters and light and heavy duty vehicles with different fuels
Emissions of organic aerosol mass, black carbon, particle number, and regulated and unregulated gases from scooters and light and heavy duty vehicles with different fuels
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使用不同燃料的踏板车和轻型和重型车辆的有机气溶胶质量、黑碳、颗粒数量以及管制和非管制气体的排放
DOI：
10.5194/acpd-14-16591-2014
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
A. Prévôt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Chirico;M. Clairotte;T. Adam;B. Giechaskiel;M. Heringa;M. Elsasser;G. Martini;U. Manfredi;T. Streibel;M. Sklorz;R. Zimmermann;P. DeCarlo;C. Astorga;U. Baltensperger;A. Prévôt
抽象。2009年，在伊斯普拉（意大利）联合研究中心（JRC）的车辆试验设施对7种不同类型的车辆进行了抽样调查。所选择的车辆是在欧洲流通的一些类别的代表，并与标准汽油或柴油和一些与油菜籽甲酯生物柴油的混合燃料。这项工作的目的是提高知识的气相和颗粒相关的管制和不受管制的物种从汽车尾气的排放因子。不受管制的物种，如炭黑（BC）、主要有机气溶胶（OA）含量、颗粒数（PN）、单环和多环芳烃（PAH）以及一系列不受管制的气态化合物，包括亚硝酸（N2O）、氨（NH3）、氰化氢（HCN）、甲醛（HCHO）、乙醛（CH3CHO）、二氧化硫（SO2）和甲烷（CH4），用一套仪器在真实的时间内测量，所述仪器包括高分辨率气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪、共振增强多光子电离飞行时间质谱仪和高分辨率傅里叶变换红外光谱仪。没有颗粒过滤器的柴油车的颗粒数量最高，其次是汽油车和踏板车。柴油车和汽油车的颗粒物主要由BC组成，OA含量很低，而滑板车的颗粒物主要由OA组成。踏板车的特点是超高的OA排放因子，这是数量级高于其他车辆。重型柴油车（HDDV）的氮氧化物（NOx）排放量最高，而踏板车由于未燃烧和部分燃烧的汽油和润滑油混合物，总碳氢化合物和芳香族化合物的排放量最高。一般而言，与标准燃料相比，使用生物柴油混合燃料的车辆显示出较低的OA和总芳烃的排放因子。摩托车是芳香族化合物的主要排放源，其次是汽油车、柴油车和HDDV。
Abstract. A sampling campaign with seven different types of vehicles was conducted in 2009 at the vehicle test facilities of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in Ispra (Italy). The vehicles chosen were representative of some categories circulating in Europe and were fueled either with standard gasoline or diesel and some with blends of rapeseed methyl ester biodiesel. The aim of this work was to improve the knowledge about the emission factors of gas phase and particle-associated regulated and unregulated species from vehicle exhaust. Unregulated species such as black carbon (BC), primary organic aerosol (OA) content, particle number (PN), monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and a~selection of unregulated gaseous compounds, including nitrous acid (N2O), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), formaldehyde (HCHO), acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and methane (CH4), were measured in real time with a suite of instruments including a high-resolution aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer, a resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and a high resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Diesel vehicles, without particle filters, featured the highest values for particle number, followed by gasoline vehicles and scooters. The particles from diesel and gasoline vehicles were mostly made of BC with a low fraction of OA, while the particles from the scooters were mainly composed of OA. Scooters were characterized by super high emissions factors for OA, which were orders of magnitude higher than for the other vehicles. The heavy duty diesel vehicle (HDDV) featured the highest nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, while the scooters had the highest emissions for total hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds due to the unburned and partially burned gasoline and lubricant oil mixture. Generally, vehicles fuelled with biodiesel blends showed lower emission factors of OA and total aromatics than those from the standard fuels. The scooters were the main emitters of aromatic compounds, followed by the gasoline vehicle, the diesel vehicles and the HDDV.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Mar TF;Norris GA;Koenig JQ;Larson TV
通讯作者：
Larson TV