Characterizing the scent and chemical composition of Panthera leo marking fluid using solid-phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry.
Characterizing the scent and chemical composition of Panthera leo marking fluid using solid-phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-04973-2
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发表时间：
2017-07-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Koziel JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soso SB;Koziel JA
狮子（Panthera leo）使用化学信号来表明健康，生殖状态和领土所有权。到目前为止，还没有研究报告的气味和标记液（MF）的组成从狮子座。本研究的目的是：1）开发一种新的方法，同时化学和气味鉴定狮子MF在其整体（尿+ MF），2）鉴定负责由人类小组成员感知的MF的总体气味的特征气味剂，和3）的方法比较现有的已知气味化合物库，其特征在于在动物中引起行为，以了解狮子的潜在功能行为固相微萃取和同步化学感官分析与多维气相色谱-质谱-嗅觉改善分离，隔离，并确定混合（MF，尿）化合物与溶剂为基础的提取和化学分析。分离并鉴定了2，5-二甲基吡嗪、4-甲基苯酚和3-甲基环戊酮为狮子MF特征气味的化合物。从MF排放的28种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）被确定，增加了一个新的化合物清单，以前在狮子尿液中未被识别。新的化学物质被确定为九个化合物组：酮，醛，胺，醇，芳香族化合物，含硫化合物，苯基，酚类和挥发性脂肪酸。23种挥发性有机化合物是已知的与其他物种的吸引、繁殖和报警信号行为有关的化学信息素。
Lions (Panthera leo) use chemical signaling to indicate health, reproductive status, and territorial ownership. To date, no study has reported on both scent and composition of marking fluid (MF) from P. leo. The objectives of this study were to: 1) develop a novel method for simultaneous chemical and scent identification of lion MF in its totality (urine + MF), 2) identify characteristic odorants responsible for the overall scent of MF as perceived by human panelists, and 3) compare the existing library of known odorous compounds characterized as eliciting behaviors in animals in order to understand potential functionality in lion behavior. Solid-phase microextraction and simultaneous chemical-sensory analyses with multidimensional gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry improved separating, isolating, and identifying mixed (MF, urine) compounds versus solvent-based extraction and chemical analyses. 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, 4-methylphenol, and 3-methylcyclopentanone were isolated and identified as the compounds responsible for the characteristic odor of lion MF. Twenty-eight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from MF were identified, adding a new list of compounds previously unidentified in lion urine. New chemicals were identified in nine compound groups: ketones, aldehydes, amines, alcohols, aromatics, sulfur-containing compounds, phenyls, phenols, and volatile fatty acids. Twenty-three VOCs are known semiochemicals that are implicated in attraction, reproduction, and alarm-signaling behaviors in other species.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
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