"Molecular" MR imaging at high fields.
"Molecular" MR imaging at high fields.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mri.2016.12.008
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gochberg DF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gore JC;Zu Z;Wang P;Li H;Xu J;Dortch R;Gochberg DF
磁共振成像（MRI）和波谱（MRS）对临床放射学有很大的贡献，并且已经开发了各种MR技术来评估病理过程以及细胞和分子水平上的正常组织生物学。然而，与核成像相比，MRI对于检测真正的分子变化或检测靶向造影剂的存在具有相对较差的灵敏度，尽管这些仍然处于积极的开发中。近年来，非常高的领域（7特斯拉及以上）MRI系统已开发用于人体研究，这些分子成像提供了新的机遇和技术挑战。我们确定了5种类型的内在对比机制，不需要使用外源性药物，但可以提供分子和细胞信息。我们可以通过（i）成像不同的核，特别是钠（ii）利用化学位移差异，如在MRS（iii）利用特定的弛豫机制（iv）利用组织的分子种类，如酰胺或羟基的交换率的差异和（v）敏感性的差异，得出组织组成的信息。在更高的场处增加的信号强度使得能够获得更高分辨率的图像，沿着增加的灵敏度检测由组织中的分子变化引起的细微效应。
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) have contributed considerably to clinical radiology, and a variety of MR techniques have been developed to evaluate pathological processes as well as normal tissue biology at the cellular and molecular level. However, in comparison to nuclear imaging, MRI has relatively poor sensitivity for detecting true molecular changes or for detecting the presence of targeted contrast agents, though these remain under active development. In recent years very high field (7Tesla and above) MRI systems have been developed for human studies and these provide new opportunities and technical challenges for molecular imaging. We identify 5 types of intrinsic contrast mechanisms that do not require the use of exogenous agents but which can provide molecular and cellular information. We can derive information on tissue composition by (i) imaging different nuclei, especially sodium (ii) exploiting chemical shift differences as in MRS (iii) exploiting specific relaxation mechanisms (iv) exploiting tissue differences in the exchange rates of molecular species such as amides or hydroxyls and (v) differences in susceptibility. The increased signal strength at higher fields enables higher resolution images to be acquired, along with increased sensitivity to detecting subtle effects caused by molecular changes in tissues.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Xu, Junzhong;Zaiss, Moritz;Zu, Zhongliang;Li, Hua;Xie, Jingping;Gochberg, Daniel F.;Bachert, Peter;Gore, John C.
通讯作者：
Gore, John C.
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Gore, JC
通讯作者：
Gore, JC
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Wang, Ping;Block, Jake;Gore, John C.
通讯作者：
Gore, John C.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
ZHONG, JH;GORE, JC;ARMITAGE, IM
通讯作者：
ARMITAGE, IM
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Zhang XY;Wang F;Afzal A;Xu J;Gore JC;Gochberg DF;Zu Z
通讯作者：
Zu Z