Directed Evolution of Microbial Communities.

Directed Evolution of Microbial Communities.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biophys-101220-072829
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发表时间:
2021-05-06
影响因子:
12.4
通讯作者:
Rebolleda-Gomez M
Rebolleda-Gomez M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sánchez Á;Vila JCC;Chang CY;Diaz-Colunga J;Estrela S;Rebolleda-Gomez M

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定向进化是一种人工选择的形式,几十年来一直用于寻找具有新的或增强的功能特征的生物分子和生物体。定向进化可以被概念化为对基因型-表型图谱的引导性探索,其中首先选择具有期望表型的遗传变体,然后诱变以在基因型空间中搜索更好的突变体。近年来,将人工选择应用于微生物群落的想法获得了动力。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了人工选择的主要局限性时,适用于大型和多样化的集体无性分裂的微生物,并讨论了如何定向进化的工具可能被部署到工程社区自上而下。我们将微生物群落的定向进化概念化为对生态结构-功能景观的指导性探索,并提出了导航这些生态景观的实用指南。
Directed evolution is a form of artificial selection that has been used for decades to find biomolecules and organisms with new or enhanced functional traits. Directed evolution can be conceptualized as a guided exploration of the genotype–phenotype map, where genetic variants with desirable phenotypes are first selected and then mutagenized to search the genotype space for an even better mutant. In recent years, the idea of applying artificial selection to microbial communities has gained momentum. In this article, we review the main limitations of artificial selection when applied to large and diverse collectives of asexually dividing microbes and discuss how the tools of directed evolution may be deployed to engineer communities from the top down. We conceptualize directed evolution of microbial communities as a guided exploration of an ecological structure–function landscape and propose practical guidelines for navigating these ecological landscapes.
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