Fusarins and Fusaric Acid in Fusaria

Fusarins and Fusaric Acid in Fusaria
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镰刀菌中的镰刀菌素和镰刀菌酸

DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4939-1191-2_11
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Tudzynski
Tudzynski
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Niehaus EM;Díaz-Sánchez;von Bargen;KleigreweK;Limón;Tudzynski

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镰刀菌酸(FA)和镰刀菌素(fusarins)是镰刀菌属中广泛存在的两种聚酮化合物。已经开发了不同的方法来检测和结构分析这两种化合物。一些镰孢菌素是诱变性的,而FA是一种植物毒素,有助于不同作物疾病的严重性。FA对植物、变形虫、细菌和病毒的毒性的例子被给出。动物和人类也分别受到食用受FA污染的饲料和食品的影响。他们的症状是低血压、食欲不振、呕吐和体重减轻。本章描述了一些对人类的许多不同的药理作用。Fusarin和FA基因簇最近已被确定和特征化在Fusarium fujikuroi,并已与其他物种的比较。这两种真菌毒素都是在氮过量的情况下产生的,并受pH值的调节。已经在基因表达水平上研究了簇的调节,以及全局调节剂如velvetcomplex、LaeA或组蛋白乙酰化的影响。
Fusaric acid (FA) and fusarins are two polyketides produced by a broad range ofFusariumspecies. Different methods have been developed for detection and structural analysis of both compounds. Some of the fusarins are mutagenic while FA is a plant toxin that contributes to the severity of different crop diseases. Examples of FA toxicity against plants, amoebas, bacteria, and viruses are given. Animals and humans are also affected by consumption of FA-contaminated feed and food, respectively. Their symptoms are hypotension, lack of appetite, vomit, and loss of weight. This chapter describes some of the many different pharmacological effects on humans. Fusarin and FA gene clusters have recently been identified and characterized inFusarium fujikuroiand have been compared to the ones in other species. Both mycotoxins are produced under nitrogen excess and are regulated by pH. Regulation of the clusters has been studied at gene expression level, and the effect of global regulators such asvelvetcomplex, LaeA or histone acetylation.
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