Cardinal rules: visual orientation perception reflects knowledge of environmental statistics.

Cardinal rules: visual orientation perception reflects knowledge of environmental statistics.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.2831
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发表时间:
2011-06-05
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Simoncelli, Eero P.
Simoncelli, Eero P.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Girshick, Ahna R.;Landy, Michael S.;Simoncelli, Eero P.

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人类在执行视觉任务方面非常出色,但实验测量显示,在基本视觉属性的感知方面存在重大偏差。一个吸引人的假设是,这些偏差是通过统计推断过程产生的,其中来自噪声测量的信息与环境的概率模型相融合。但只有当观察者的内部模型与环境匹配时,这种推断才是最优的。在这里,我们提供的证据表明,情况就是这样。我们测量了方向估计任务中的表现,证明了众所周知的事实,即方向判断在基本(水平和垂直)方向上更准确,沿着一个新的观察结果,即在不确定条件下做出的判断强烈偏向基本方向。我们估计观察员的内部模型的方向,并发现它们匹配的局部取向分布测量的照片。我们还展示了神经种群如何嵌入概率信息,负责这种偏见。
Humans are remarkably good at performing visual tasks, but experimental measurements reveal substantial biases in the perception of basic visual attributes. An appealing hypothesis is that these biases arise through a process of statistical inference, in which information from noisy measurements is fused with a probabilistic model of the environment. But such inference is optimal only if the observer’s internal model matches the environment. Here, we provide evidence that this is the case. We measured performance in an orientation-estimation task, demonstrating the well-known fact that orientation judgements are more accurate at cardinal (horizontal and vertical) orientations, along with a new observation that judgements made under conditions of uncertainty are strongly biased toward cardinal orientations. We estimate observers’ internal models for orientation and find that they match the local orientation distribution measured in photographs. We also show how a neural population could embed probabilistic information responsible for such biases.
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