Update schemes of multi-velocity floor field cellular automaton for pedestrian dynamics

Update schemes of multi-velocity floor field cellular automaton for pedestrian dynamics
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行人动力学多速度地面元胞自动机更新方案

DOI:
10.1016/j.physa.2017.09.049
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发表时间:
2018-02
期刊:
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lizhong Yang
Lizhong Yang
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lin Luo;Zhijian Fu;Han Cheng;Lizhong Yang

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行人运动建模是统计物理学和计算物理学中一个有趣的问题。行人动力学元胞自动机(CA)模型的更新方案决定了行人运动的时间表。通常,不同的更新方案会使模型表现出不同的方式,这需要仔细地重新校准。因此,在本文中,我们研究了四种不同的更新方案,即并行/同步方案,随机方案,顺序顺序方案和洗牌方案,对行人动态的影响。采用多速度地板场元胞自动机(FFCA)模型,考虑了行人沿着步行路径运动特性的变化和行人步行能力的异质性。对于单纯的并行更新方案,需要考虑冲突的检测和解决,这与其他的更新方案有很大的区别。在行人疏散方面,平行疏散方案增加了疏散时间,更好地反映了行人步行能力的差异。在出口等瓶颈处,采用并行方案会导致更长的拥塞时间和更分散的密度分布。在模拟高期望速度的行人流时,四种不同的更新方案下的出口流场以及密度和速度的时空分布存在显著差异。更新方案可能不会影响模拟中的行人产生跟随他人的倾向,但顺序和洗牌更新方案可以增强行人对环境的熟悉度的效果。
Modeling pedestrian movement is an interesting problem both in statistical physics and in computational physics. Update schemes of cellular automaton (CA) models for pedestrian dynamics govern the schedule of pedestrian movement. Usually, different update schemes make the models behave in different ways, which should be carefully recalibrated. Thus, in this paper, we investigated the influence of four different update schemes, namely parallel/synchronous scheme, random scheme, order-sequential scheme and shuffled scheme, on pedestrian dynamics. The multi-velocity floor field cellular automaton (FFCA) considering the changes of pedestrians’ moving properties along walking paths and heterogeneity of pedestrians’ walking abilities was used. As for parallel scheme only, the collisions detection and resolution should be considered, resulting in a great difference from any other update schemes. For pedestrian evacuation, the evacuation time is enlarged, and the difference in pedestrians’ walking abilities is better reflected, under parallel scheme. In face of a bottleneck, for example a exit, using a parallel scheme leads to a longer congestion period and a more dispersive density distribution. The exit flow and the space–time distribution of density and velocity have significant discrepancies under four different update schemes when we simulate pedestrian flow with high desired velocity. Update schemes may have no influence on pedestrians in simulation to create tendency to follow others, but sequential and shuffled update scheme may enhance the effect of pedestrians’ familiarity with environments.
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