Fatigue effect on phase transition of pedestrian movement: experiment and simulation study
Fatigue effect on phase transition of pedestrian movement: experiment and simulation study
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疲劳对行人运动相变的影响：实验与模拟研究
DOI：
10.1088/1742-5468/2016/10/103401
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lizhong Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin Luo;Zhijian Fu;Xiaodong Zhou;Kongjin Zhu;Hongtai Yang;Lizhong Yang
如何对行人运动进行建模是统计物理学领域中一个有趣的问题。疲劳作为行人运动中的一种常见现象，对行人的运动有着显著的负面影响，特别是当行人携带重物移动或奔跑、灾难中的伤员救援、爬楼梯等情况下，疲劳系数被定义为期望速度的降低。然而，以往的研究缺乏对疲劳对行人速度影响的量化分析。由于行人行走能力的异质性和行人运动特性的变化，研究疲劳对人流的影响一直是一个很大的挑战。为此，首先进行了三种不同条件下的行人实验，建立了疲劳、平均自由速度和步行距离之间的经验关系。然后将行人疲劳的经验公式引入多速度场地板元胞自动机(FFCA)模型，用于后续的行人动力学分析。动态调整速度比，以适应行人因疲劳而产生的速度变化。疲劳、入口流量和行人初始期望速度对行人流量有显著影响。对行人密度和速度的时空分布进行了详细的分析，分析了从自由流阶段到拥堵阶段的相变。此外，如果一定比例的负重行人位于高密度区域，则可以观察到系统中的密度波。“密度波”的包络在入口处附近达到最大值，并在远离入口处逐渐减小。
How to model pedestrian movement is an intriguing problem in the area of statistical physics. As a common phenomenon of pedestrian movement, fatigue has a significant negative effect on pedestrian movement, especially when pedestrians move or run with heavy luggage, rescue the wounded in disaster, climb stairs and etc. According to the field observations and previous researches, fatigue coefficient is defined as the decrease of desired velocity in this study. However, previous researches lacked quantitative analysis of the effect of fatigue on pedestrian speed. It has been a great challenge to study the effect of fatigue on pedestrian flow, since pedestrians of heterogeneous walking abilities and the change of pedestrians’ moving properties need to be taken into consideration. Thus, at first, a series of pedestrian experiments, under three different conditions, were conducted to formulate the empirical relationship among fatigue, average free velocity, and walking distance. Then the empirical formulation of pedestrian fatigue was imported into the multi-velocity field floor cellular automata (FFCA) model for following pedestrian dynamics analysis. The velocity ratio was adjusted dynamically to adapt the change of pedestrians’ velocity due to fatigue. The fatigue, entrance flow rate and pedestrian’s initial desired velocity are found to have significant effects on the pedestrian flow. The space-time distributions of pedestrian density and velocity were explored in detail, with phase transition analyses from a free flow phase to a congestion phase. Additionally, the ‘density wave’ in the system can be observed if a certain ratio of burdened pedestrians lay in the high density region. The envelope of the ‘density wave’ reaches its maximum amplitude around the entrance position, and gradually diminishes away from the entrance.
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影响因子：
8.5
作者：
Koo, Jeongin;Kim, Byung-In;Kim, Yong Seog
通讯作者：
Kim, Yong Seog
DOI：
10.1103/physreve.86.046111
发表时间：
2012-07
期刊：
Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Jelic;C. Appert-Rolland;S. Lemercier;J. Pettré
通讯作者：
A. Jelic;C. Appert-Rolland;S. Lemercier;J. Pettré
DOI：
10.1016/j.physa.2006.12.044
发表时间：
2007-06
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Yuan Weifeng;T. Hai
通讯作者：
Yuan Weifeng;T. Hai
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Cividini, J.;Appert-Rolland, C.;Hilhorst, H. J.
通讯作者：
Hilhorst, H. J.
DOI：
10.1007/3-540-45830-1_23
发表时间：
2002-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Schadschneider;Ansgar Kirchner;K. Nishinari
通讯作者：
A. Schadschneider;Ansgar Kirchner;K. Nishinari