End-to-end image analysis pipeline for liquid-phase electron microscopy.
End-to-end image analysis pipeline for liquid-phase electron microscopy.
复制标题
液相电子显微镜的端到端图像分析管道。
DOI：
10.1111/jmi.12889
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Ruiz-PÉrez L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marchello G;DE Pace C;Duro-Castano A;Battaglia G;Ruiz-PÉrez L
液相透射电子显微镜允许在液体环境中对材料进行成像。样品被封装在电子束透明窗口内，因此受到电子枪内所需的真空保护。这种方法允许在自然环境中研究生物和软材料，并提供访问其动态性质的可能性。然而，来自窗口和溶剂的电子束散射增加了图像噪声和模糊。在这里，我们提出了一个管道来对液体透射电子显微镜获得的图像进行降噪和锐化。我们以一种不需要任何人为干扰，也不引入伪影的方式开发工作流程，但实际上揭示了被噪声和模糊覆盖的成像样本的特征。透射电子显微镜TEM是在纳米尺度上进行结构测定的最强大的技术之一，具有将物质成像到原子水平的能力。只有将电子束保持在高真空下才能进行TEM，以避免束路中发生不必要的散射事件。高真空意味着TEM样品通常必须处于固态。因此，液体形式或含有液体（如水）的样品需要特殊的制备技术，这些技术往往会改变样品的结构和化学性质。这种改变对于生物和软有机材料特别关键，其中结构由水和/或其他液体的存在控制。新的照相机、材料和样品架的发展使TEM在液体样品上的应用成为可能。液相透射电子显微镜（LTEM）提供了研究液态纳米结构和监测动态过程的可能性。然而，重要的限制来自成像过程中样品的液体性质，例如有机和生物材料提供的低对比度以及液体样品及其厚度引入的额外噪声和模糊。现有的TEM图像分析算法不能满足LTEM的要求。本文的端到端图像分析方法能够恢复原始图像及其清晰度，而不会引入任何伪影。所提出的算法提供了很大的优势，揭示图像的细节，通常不会看到在成像过程中，从而允许更好地了解的性质，结构，并最终的功能的调查结构。全自动分析方法允许在几个小时内有效地处理数十张图像，大大提高了LTEM成像的性能
Liquid phase transmission electron microscopy allows the imaging of materials in liquid environments. The sample is encapsulated within electron‐beam transparent windows and hence protected by the ultrahigh vacuum necessary within the electron gun. Such an approach allows to study biological and soft materials in their natural environment and offers the possibility of accessing their dynamic nature. Yet, the electron beam scattering from the windows and solvent increases the image noise and blur. Herein, we propose a pipeline to both de‐noise and sharpen images obtained by liquid transmission electron microscopy. We develop the workflow in a way that it does not require any human interference, nor introduce artefacts, but actually unveils features of the imaged samples covered by the noise and the blur. Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM is one of the most powerful techniques for structural determination at the nanoscale, with the ability to image matter down to the atomic level. TEM is only possible by keeping the electron beam under high vacuum in order to avoid undesired scattering events in the beam path. High vacuum means that the TEM samples must conventionally be in solid‐state. Thus, samples in liquid form or containing liquids, like water, need special preparation techniques which tend to alter the structure and chemical nature of the sample. Such alterations are particularly critical for biological and soft organic materials where the structures are controlled by the presence of water and/or other liquids. The development of new cameras, materials and sample holders have made possible for TEM to be performed on liquid samples. Liquid Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy (LTEM) offers the possibility to investigate nanoscopic structures in liquid state and monitor dynamic processes. However important limitations come from the liquid nature of samples in the imaging process such as the low contrast afforded by organic and biological materials and additional noise and blur introduced by the liquid sample and its thickness. Existing image analysis algorithms for TEM result inadequate for LTEM. The end‐to‐end image analysis method herein has the ability to recover the original images together with their sharpness, without introducing any artefacts. The proposed algorithms offer the great advantage of unveiling image details which are not usually seen during imaging, thus allowing a better understanding of the nature, structure and ultimately the function of the investigated structures. The fully automatised analysis method allows to efficiently process dozens of images in few hours, improving dramatically the performance of LTEM imaging
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56.9
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