Melatonin for Neonatal Encephalopathy: From Bench to Bedside.

Melatonin for Neonatal Encephalopathy: From Bench to Bedside.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms22115481
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发表时间:
2021-05-22
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Robertson NJ
Robertson NJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pang R;Advic-Belltheus A;Meehan C;Fullen DJ;Golay X;Robertson NJ

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新生儿脑病是全世界发病率和死亡率的主要原因。虽然治疗性低温治疗(HT)现在是高资源环境下大多数新生儿重症监护病房的标准做法,但一些婴儿仍然会出现长期的不良神经后遗症。在低资源环境下,高温疗法可能不安全或不有效。因此,迫切需要额外的神经保护干预措施。褪黑素的多种神经保护特性包括抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡作用。其强大的安全性和令人信服的临床前数据表明,褪黑素是一种有希望改善新生儿新生儿症预后的药物。在过去的十年中,人们在围产期窒息的新生仔猪模型中研究了褪黑素增强HT的安全性和有效性。从这个模型中,我们观察到褪黑激素的神经保护作用是时间关键和剂量依赖的。治疗性褪黑素水平可能是15-30毫克/升,为了达到最佳效果,这些需要在出生后的前2-3小时内实现。这篇综述总结了褪黑素的神经保护特性,从仔猪和其他动物研究到目前为止的主要发现,以及我们将褪黑素从实验室转化为临床所面临的挑战。
Neonatal encephalopathy is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although therapeutic hypothermia (HT) is now standard practice in most neonatal intensive care units in high resource settings, some infants still develop long-term adverse neurological sequelae. In low resource settings, HT may not be safe or efficacious. Therefore, additional neuroprotective interventions are urgently needed. Melatonin’s diverse neuroprotective properties include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Its strong safety profile and compelling preclinical data suggests that melatonin is a promising agent to improve the outcomes of infants with NE. Over the past decade, the safety and efficacy of melatonin to augment HT has been studied in the neonatal piglet model of perinatal asphyxia. From this model, we have observed that the neuroprotective effects of melatonin are time-critical and dose dependent. Therapeutic melatonin levels are likely to be 15–30 mg/L and for optimal effect, these need to be achieved within the first 2–3 h after birth. This review summarises the neuroprotective properties of melatonin, the key findings from the piglet and other animal studies to date, and the challenges we face to translate melatonin from bench to bedside.
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