Friendship and the Banker's Paradox: Other Pathways to the Evolution of Adaptations for Altruism
Friendship and the Banker's Paradox: Other Pathways to the Evolution of Adaptations for Altruism
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友谊与银行家悖论：利他主义适应进化的其他途径
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Cosmides
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Tooby;L. Cosmides
总结。进化生物学中利他主义的经典定义要求一个有机体在为他人提供健康益处的过程中产生健康成本。然而，通过探索“利他主义问题”的适应性版本的含义，我们获得了新的见解，因为存在着旨在为他人带来好处的机器。讨论了利他主义进化的替代路径，这些路径避免了被认为限制跨物种互惠出现的障碍。我们定义了银行家悖论，并展示了它的解决方案如何选择旨在为他人带来好处的认知机制，即使在没有传统的互惠的情况下也是如此。这些模型使人们能够理解人类友谊的设计和社会动态的各个方面，否则这些方面是神秘的。
Summary. The classical definition of altruism in evolutionary biology requires that an organism incur a fitness cost in the course of providing others with a fitness benefit. New insights are gained, however, by exploring the implications of an adaptationist version of the 'problem of altruism', as the existence of machinery designed to deliver benefits to others. Alternative pathways for the evolution of altruism are discussed, which avoid barriers thought to limit the emergence of reciprocation across species. We define the Banker's Paradox, and show how its solution can select for cognitive machinery designed to deliver benefits to others, even in the absence of traditional reciprocation. These models allow one to understand aspects of the design and social dynamics of human friendship that are otherwise mysterious.
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Plomin, Robert;Daniels, Denise
通讯作者：
Daniels, Denise