What controls nucleosome positions?

What controls nucleosome positions?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2009.06.002
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发表时间:
2009-08
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Widom, Jonathan
Widom, Jonathan
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Segal, Eran;Widom, Jonathan

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真核生物基因组的DNA被包裹在核小体中,核小体强烈地扭曲和封闭DNA,使其无法与大多数DNA结合蛋白接触。因此,了解控制核小体沿DNA沿着定位的机制对于理解执行基本遗传功能的蛋白质的结合和作用至关重要。新的全基因组数据在体内和体外核小体定位大大推进我们的理解,可以影响核小体定位的几个因素,包括DNA序列的偏好,DNA甲基化,组蛋白变体和翻译后修饰,高阶染色质结构,转录因子,染色质重塑和其他DNA结合蛋白的作用。我们讨论了这些因素如何发挥作用以及它们可能被整合到一个统一的框架中的方式,该框架既可以解释核小体定位的保留,也可以解释在生物条件,细胞类型,发育过程和疾病中发生的动态核小体重新定位。
The DNA of eukaryotic genomes is wrapped in nucleosomes, which strongly distort and occlude the DNA from access to most DNA-binding proteins. An understanding of the mechanisms that control nucleosome positioning along the DNA is thus essential to understanding the binding and action of proteins that carry out essential genetic functions. New genome-wide data on in vivo and in vitro nucleosome positioning greatly advance our understanding of several factors that can influence nucleosome positioning, including DNA sequence preferences, DNA methylation, histone variants and post-translational modifications, higher order chromatin structure, and the actions of transcription factors, chromatin remodelers and other DNA-binding proteins. We discuss how these factors function and ways in which they might be integrated into a unified framework that accounts for both the preservation of nucleosome positioning and the dynamic nucleosome repositioning that occur across biological conditions, cell types, developmental processes and disease.
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