Use of prosody and information structure in high functioning adults with autism in relation to language ability.
Use of prosody and information structure in high functioning adults with autism in relation to language ability.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00072
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Trainor LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Depape AM;Chen A;Hall GB;Trainor LJ
异常的韵律是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的一个显著特征，但之前的报告表明，自闭症谱系障碍患者之间存在很大的差异。在这里，我们表明这种异质性的一部分可以用语言功能水平来解释。我们记录了有和没有自闭症的成年人的半自发但有控制的对话，并测量了与音高和持续时间相关的特征，以确定(1)韵律特征的一般使用，(2)与标记信息结构相关的韵律使用，特别是句子中新信息的强调（焦点），而不是对话环境中已经给出的信息（主题），以及(3)韵律使用与语言功能水平之间的关系。我们发现，与典型成年人相比，具有高语言功能的ASD患者通常比对照组使用更大的音高范围，但不标记信息结构，而具有中等语言功能的ASD患者通常比对照组使用更小的音高范围，但在很大程度上适当标记了信息结构。一般韵律使用的受损和信息结构标记的受损都将严重影响社会沟通，从而导致在个人领域（如建立和保持友谊）和专业领域（如竞争就业机会）的困难增加。
Abnormal prosody is a striking feature of the speech of those with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but previous reports suggest large variability among those with ASD. Here we show that part of this heterogeneity can be explained by level of language functioning. We recorded semi-spontaneous but controlled conversations in adults with and without ASD and measured features related to pitch and duration to determine (1) general use of prosodic features, (2) prosodic use in relation to marking information structure, specifically, the emphasis of new information in a sentence (focus) as opposed to information already given in the conversational context (topic), and (3) the relation between prosodic use and level of language functioning. We found that, compared to typical adults, those with ASD with high language functioning generally used a larger pitch range than controls but did not mark information structure, whereas those with moderate language functioning generally used a smaller pitch range than controls but marked information structure appropriately to a large extent. Both impaired general prosodic use and impaired marking of information structure would be expected to seriously impact social communication and thereby lead to increased difficulty in personal domains, such as making and keeping friendships, and in professional domains, such as competing for employment opportunities.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Birch, S;Clifton, C
通讯作者：
Clifton, C
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Chen, Aoju
通讯作者：
Chen, Aoju
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Brock, Jon;Norbury, Courtenay;Nation, Kate
通讯作者：
Nation, Kate
影响因子：
--
作者：
Asperger, H
通讯作者：
Asperger, H
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb01901.x
发表时间：
1991-07-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES
影响因子：
--
作者：
FINE, J;BARTOLUCCI, G;SZATMARI, P
通讯作者：
SZATMARI, P