Early androgen influences on human neural and behavioural development.
Early androgen influences on human neural and behavioural development.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.09.006
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发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hines, Melissa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hines, Melissa
性腺激素，特别是雄激素，影响身体的性别分化，以及大脑和行为。产前暴露在非典型荷尔蒙环境中会导致人类行为的改变，表现出性别差异。这些因素包括童年玩耍、性取向、性别认同和人格特征，如同理心和攻击性。在健康儿童中，产前激素暴露的个体差异与出生后行为的个体差异显示出类似的关系。就像在非典型暴露的研究中一样，较高的雄激素水平预示着更多的男性典型行为，而较少的女性典型行为。荷尔蒙诱导的大脑发育变化被认为是这些行为结果的基础，尽管关于与早期荷尔蒙差异相关的特定神经差异的信息很少。然而，值得注意的是，有证据表明，早期雄激素暴露与女性杏仁内侧核的激活有关。其他新出现的研究领域包括新生儿荷尔蒙在婴儿发育中的作用，以及荷尔蒙诱发的易感性与出生后产生行为结果的经验之间的相互作用。
Gonadal hormones, particularly androgens, influence sexual differentiation of the body, as well as the brain and behaviour. Ante-natal exposure to atypical hormone environments leads to alterations in human behaviours that show sex differences. These include childhood play, sexual orientation, gender identity, and personality characteristics, such as empathy and aggression. Individual variability among healthy children in antenatal hormone exposure show similar relationships to individual variability in postnatal behaviour. As in studies of atypical exposure, higher levels of androgen predict more male-typical, and less female-typical, behaviour. Hormone-induced alterations in brain development are thought to underlie these behavioural outcomes, although there is little information on specific neural differences associated with early hormone differences. Notable, however, is evidence relating early androgen exposure to activation of the medial amygdaloid nucleus in women. Other emerging research areas include the role of neonatal hormones in infant development and interactions between hormone-induced predispositions and postnatal experience in producing behavioural outcomes.
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