Visual number sense in untrained deep neural networks.

Visual number sense in untrained deep neural networks.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abd6127
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发表时间:
2021-01
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Paik SB
Paik SB
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kim G;Jang J;Baek S;Song M;Paik SB

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在完全没有学习的情况下,未经训练的深度神经网络可以自发地产生视觉数感。在天真的动物中观察到了数感,即估计数字的能力,但这种认知功能如何在大脑中出现仍不清楚。在这里,我们使用模拟大脑腹侧视觉流的人工深层神经网络,证明即使在完全没有学习的情况下,数量选择性神经元也可以自发产生。我们还表明,这些神经元的反应可以诱导抽象数感,即独立于低级视觉线索辨别数字的能力。我们发现随机初始化的网络中的数字调整源自单调递减和递增的神经元活动的组合,这些活动是从自下而上投影的统计特性中自发出现的。我们证实,这些数字选择性神经元的反应显示了在大脑中观察到的单神经元和多神经元特征,并使网络能够执行数字比较任务。这些发现提供了对先天认知功能起源的见解。
Visual number sense can arise spontaneously in untrained deep neural networks in the complete absence of learning. Number sense, the ability to estimate numerosity, is observed in naïve animals, but how this cognitive function emerges in the brain remains unclear. Here, using an artificial deep neural network that models the ventral visual stream of the brain, we show that number-selective neurons can arise spontaneously, even in the complete absence of learning. We also show that the responses of these neurons can induce the abstract number sense, the ability to discriminate numerosity independent of low-level visual cues. We found number tuning in a randomly initialized network originating from a combination of monotonically decreasing and increasing neuronal activities, which emerges spontaneously from the statistical properties of bottom-up projections. We confirmed that the responses of these number-selective neurons show the single- and multineuron characteristics observed in the brain and enable the network to perform number comparison tasks. These findings provide insight into the origin of innate cognitive functions.
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