Emerging biomedical applications of synthetic biology.
Emerging biomedical applications of synthetic biology.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrg3094
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发表时间：
2011-11-29
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fussenegger M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weber W;Fussenegger M
在第一个设备报道十年后，合成生物学已经发展成为一门工程科学，为理解，诊断，预防和治疗疾病提供了新的机会。灭绝或难以繁殖的病毒基因组的化学合成和重建提高了我们对毒力因子的理解。去优化的病毒基因组的从头合成使得能够生产安全的生命疫苗。将对环境敏感的显性致死基因电路设计到传播疾病的昆虫中，为控制疾病传播提供了一种高度特异性的方法。在哺乳动物细胞中重建细菌耐药性回路使得能够综合发现克服耐药性的药物。专门检测和破坏肿瘤细胞的工程细菌和合成基因电路将为未来的癌症治疗提供动力。检测疾病状态并在闭环控制配置中自主触发治疗反应的分子假体为治疗遗传和获得性疾病提供了新的机会。合成基因电路将为未来的基因和细胞疗法提供新的机会。合成生物设备可以被设计成实现高水平的精确度和特异性，这使得它们非常适合在临床环境中使用。正在开发设备以满足一系列生物医学需求，包括特定的癌症治疗和代谢控制。合成生物学的目标是在编目和标准化的生物构建模块的基础上创建具有新颖和有用功能的功能装置，系统和生物体。虽然它们最初是为了阐明简单过程的动力学而构建的，但设计的设备现在有助于理解疾病机制，提供新的诊断工具，使治疗剂的经济生产成为可能，并允许设计用于治疗癌症，免疫疾病和代谢紊乱（如糖尿病和痛风）以及一系列传染病的新策略。在这篇综述中，我们涵盖了合成生物学对生物医学应用的影响和潜力。
A decade after the report of the first devices, synthetic biology has developed into an engineering science that provides novel opportunities to understand, diagnose, prevent and treat diseases. Chemical synthesis and reconstruction of extinct or difficult-to-propagate viral genomes improves our understanding of virulence factors. The de novo synthesis of deoptimized viral genomes enables the production of safe life vaccines. Engineering environmentally responsive dominant-lethal genetic circuits into disease-transmitting insects provides a highly specific approach for controlling disease propagation. The reconstruction of bacterial resistance circuits in mammalian cells enables the integrated discovery of agents to overcome resistance. Engineered bacteria and synthetic genetic circuits that specifically detect and destroy neoplastic cells will provide momentum to future cancer therapies. Molecular prostheses that detect disease states and autonomously trigger a therapeutic response in a closed-loop control configuration provide novel opportunities in the treatment of genetic and acquired diseases. Synthetic gene circuits will provide novel opportunities for future gene and cell-based therapies. Synthetic biological devices can be engineered to achieve high levels of precision and specificity, which makes them ideally suited for use in clinical settings. Devices are being developed to meet a range of biomedical needs, including specific cancer therapies and metabolic control. Synthetic biology aims to create functional devices, systems and organisms with novel and useful functions on the basis of catalogued and standardized biological building blocks. Although they were initially constructed to elucidate the dynamics of simple processes, designed devices now contribute to the understanding of disease mechanisms, provide novel diagnostic tools, enable economic production of therapeutics and allow the design of novel strategies for the treatment of cancer, immune diseases and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and gout, as well as a range of infectious diseases. In this Review, we cover the impact and potential of synthetic biology for biomedical applications.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1191652
发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ajikumar PK;Xiao WH;Tyo KE;Wang Y;Simeon F;Leonard E;Mucha O;Phon TH;Pfeifer B;Stephanopoulos G
通讯作者：
Stephanopoulos G
DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro1927
发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
19
作者：
Christen, Erik H.;Karlsson, Maria;Weber, Wilfried
通讯作者：
Weber, Wilfried
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Amidi, Maryam;de Raad, Markus;Mastrobattista, Enrico
通讯作者：
Mastrobattista, Enrico
影响因子：
4
作者：
Aubel, Dominique;Fussenegger, Martin
通讯作者：
Fussenegger, Martin