Revisiting the fantasy-reality distinction: children as naïve skeptics.
Revisiting the fantasy-reality distinction: children as naïve skeptics.
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DOI：
10.1111/cdev.12081
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
E Ghossainy M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woolley JD;E Ghossainy M
孩子们远不是被描绘成不加批判的信徒，他们经常对新奇的实体和事件的现实状况表现出怀疑。本文对儿童的现实状态判断、证词使用、可能性理解、宗教认知等方面的研究进行了综述。从这个新的角度来看，很明显，在评估现实状况时，孩子们既可能相信，也可能怀疑。有人建议，不成熟的元认知能力是儿童的怀疑主义的根源，具体来说，一个不足的能力来评估的范围和相关性的一个人的知识导致过度依赖它在评估现实的状态。随着发展，人们越来越有能力利用更广泛的信息来源来判断现实状况。
Far from being the uncritical believers young children have been portrayed as, children often exhibit skepticism toward the reality status of novel entities and events. This paper reviews research on children’s reality status judgments, testimony use, understanding of possibility, and religious cognition. When viewed from this new perspective it becomes apparent that, when assessing reality status, children are as likely to doubt as they are to believe. It is suggested that immature metacognitive abilities are at the root of children’s skepticism, specifically that an insufficient ability to evaluate the scope and relevance of one’s knowledge leads to an over-reliance on it in evaluating reality status. With development comes increasing ability to utilize a wider range of sources to inform reality status judgments.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Evans, EM
通讯作者：
Evans, EM
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
GILBERT, DT;TAFARODI, RW;MALONE, PS
通讯作者：
MALONE, PS
DOI：
10.2307/1165875
发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
9.5
作者：
FLAVELL, JH;SPEER, JR;AUGUST, DL
通讯作者：
AUGUST, DL
影响因子：
24.8
作者：
Gelman SA
通讯作者：
Gelman SA
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Carrick, Nathalie;Quas, Jodi A.;Lyon, Thomas
通讯作者：
Lyon, Thomas