Discrete-slots models of visual working-memory response times.
Discrete-slots models of visual working-memory response times.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0034247
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Shiffrin, Richard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donkin, Christopher;Nosofsky, Robert M.;Gold, Jason M.;Shiffrin, Richard M.
最近的许多研究旨在确定视觉工作记忆（WM）是否通过有限数量的离散全有或全无插槽更好地表征，或者通过连续共享记忆资源来更好地表征。然而，迄今为止，研究人员尚未考虑离散时隙模型与共享资源模型的响应时间 (RT) 预测。为了补充该领域过去的研究，我们形式化了一系列混合状态、离散时隙模型，用于解释视觉 WM 变化检测任务中的选择和 RT。在所调查的任务中，呈现一小组视觉项目，然后是必须做出变更判断的研究位置之一的测试项目。根据模型，如果该位置的研究项目保留在 1 个离散槽中，则基于记忆的证据积累过程将决定选择和 RT；如果该位置的研究项目丢失，则基于猜测的积累过程就会运行。因此，观察到的 RT 分布理论上是作为基于记忆的分布和猜测分布的概率混合而出现的。我们形式化了一组类似的连续共享资源模型。模型类别在个体受试者上进行测试，并与 RT 分布数据进行定性对比和定量拟合。与共享资源模型相比，离散槽模型提供了更好的 RT 和选择数据的定性和定量说明，尽管有一些证据表明当内存集大小非常小时可以使用“槽加资源”。
Much recent research has aimed to establish whether visual working memory (WM) is better characterized by a limited number of discrete all-or-none slots or by a continuous sharing of memory resources. To date, however, researchers have not considered the response-time (RT) predictions of discrete-slots versus shared-resources models. To complement the past research in this field, we formalize a family of mixed-state, discrete-slots models for explaining choice and RTs in tasks of visual WM change detection. In the tasks under investigation, a small set of visual items is presented, followed by a test item in 1 of the studied positions for which a change judgment must be made. According to the models, if the studied item in that position is retained in 1 of the discrete slots, then a memory-based evidence-accumulation process determines the choice and the RT; if the studied item in that position is missing, then a guessing-based accumulation process operates. Observed RT distributions are therefore theorized to arise as probabilistic mixtures of the memory-based and guessing distributions. We formalize an analogous set of continuous shared-resources models. The model classes are tested on individual subjects with both qualitative contrasts and quantitative fits to RT-distribution data. The discrete-slots models provide much better qualitative and quantitative accounts of the RT and choice data than do the shared-resources models, although there is some evidence for “slots plus resources” when memory set size is very small.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bays PM;Gorgoraptis N;Wee N;Marshall L;Husain M
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024957
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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