The bliss (not the problem) of motor abundance (not redundancy).
The bliss (not the problem) of motor abundance (not redundancy).
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-012-3000-4
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Latash, Mark L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Latash, Mark L.
运动控制是自然科学的一个领域，探索神经系统如何与身体其他部位和环境相互作用，以产生有目的的、协调的动作。电机控制的一个中心问题——电机冗余问题——被尼古拉·伯恩斯坦（Nikolai Bernstein）表述为冗余自由度的消除问题。传统上，这个问题是通过基于各种成本函数的优化方法来解决的。这篇综述引起了人们对一系列最近发现的注意，这些发现表明，这个问题的表述不正确。另一种观点被认为是丰度原则，它认为明显冗余的自由度对运动行为的许多方面是有用的，甚至是至关重要的。在过去的十年中，许多出版物都基于协同控制的思想、不受控制流形假设的计算装置和平衡点（参考配置）假设为这一观点提供了支持。特别是，大量的“良好方差”——对整体性能没有影响的元素空间中的方差——已经被记录在各种自然行为中。“良好方差”有助于丰富的系统处理次要任务和意外扰动；它的数量显示了在各种条件下的自适应调制。这些数据支持电机冗余不存在问题的观点；这是一种动力充沛的幸福。
Motor control is an area of natural science exploring how the nervous system interacts with other body parts and the environment to produce purposeful, coordinated actions. A central problem of motor control – the problem of motor redundancy – was formulated by Nikolai Bernstein as the problem of elimination of redundant degrees-of-freedom. Traditionally, this problem has been addressed using optimization methods based on a variety of cost functions. This review draws attention to a body of recent findings suggesting that the problem has been formulated incorrectly. An alternative view has been suggested as the principle of abundance, which considers the apparently redundant degrees-of-freedom as useful and even vital for many aspects of motor behavior. Over the past ten years, dozens of publications have provided support for this view based on the ideas of synergic control, computational apparatus of the uncontrolled manifold hypothesis, and the equilibrium-point (referent configuration) hypothesis. In particular, large amounts of “good variance” – variance in the space of elements that has no effect on the overall performance – have been documented across a variety of natural actions. “Good variance” helps an abundant system to deal with secondary tasks and unexpected perturbations; its amount shows adaptive modulation across a variety of conditions. These data support the view that there is no problem of motor redundancy; there is bliss of motor abundance.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Latash ML
影响因子：
2
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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