Alcohol expectancy increases positive responses to cigarettes in young, escalating smokers.
Alcohol expectancy increases positive responses to cigarettes in young, escalating smokers.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-010-1831-x
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Shi, Julia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKee, Sherry A.;Harrison, Emily L. R.;Shi, Julia
很大一部分吸烟者在青年时期巩固了他们的吸烟模式，在这个年龄组中发现的高饮酒率可能会促进从非日常吸烟到日常吸烟的转变。这项研究的主要目的是研究酒精如何改变重度饮酒的年轻人（21-25岁）吸烟的主观影响，他们仍处于吸烟的实验阶段，但最近吸烟行为有所增加。使用受试者内设计，我们研究了酒精或接受酒精的期望是否增加了对吸烟或吸烟量的主观反应。受试者参加了三个阶段，其中他们接受酒精（0.08 g/dL目标血液酒精水平），作为酒精的味道掩蔽安慰剂，或不作为酒精的混合饮料。测量包括积极和消极的主观反应（例如，满意度、恶心、渴望缓解和呼吸道感觉的享受）。与混合饮料相比，受试者预期接受酒精的两种情况都增加了吸烟的积极影响（满意度，平静和味道）。与安慰剂和混合饮料相比，酒精减少了与吸烟相关的负面影响（恶心），并增加了随后的吸烟。这项初步研究对于理解酒精和对酒精的期望如何改善仍处于吸烟实验阶段的非日常吸烟者的吸烟体验具有重要意义。
A large proportion of smokers consolidate their smoking patterns during young adulthood, and it is possible that the high rates of drinking found in this age group may facilitate the transition from nondaily to daily cigarette use. The primary aim of this study was to examine how alcohol alters the subjective effects of smoking in heavy-drinking young adults (age 21–25) who are still at an experimental stage of smoking but show recent increases in their smoking behavior. Using a within-subject design, we examined whether alcohol or the expectation of receiving alcohol increased either subjective responses to smoking or the amount smoked. Subjects participated in three sessions, in which they received alcohol (0.08 g/dL targeted blood alcohol level), a taste-masked placebo presented as alcohol, or a mixer beverage not presented as alcohol. Measures included positive and negative subjective reactivity (e.g., satisfaction, nausea, craving relief, and enjoyment of airway sensations) associated with smoking a single cigarette and subsequent ad lib smoking behavior. Both conditions in which the subjects expected to receive alcohol increased positive effects of smoking (satisfaction, calm, and taste), compared to the mixer beverage. Alcohol, compared to the placebo and mixer beverages, decreased negative effects (nausea) associated with smoking a cigarette and increased subsequent smoking. This initial study has implications for understanding how alcohol and the expectation of alcohol improves the experience of smoking in nondaily smokers who are still at an experimental stage of smoking.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Chassin, L;Presson, CC;Sherman, SJ
通讯作者：
Sherman, SJ
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
McKee, SA;Hinson, R;Petrelli, P
通讯作者：
Petrelli, P
影响因子：
6
作者：
Jackson, KM;Sher, KJ;Wood, PK
通讯作者：
Wood, PK
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2004.65.477
发表时间：
2004-07-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dawson, DA;Grant, BF;Chou, PS
通讯作者：
Chou, PS
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Blank, Melissa D.;Disharoon, Steven;Eissenberg, Thomas
通讯作者：
Eissenberg, Thomas