How artificial light at night may rewire ecological networks: concepts and models.

How artificial light at night may rewire ecological networks: concepts and models.
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夜间人造光可能会恢复生态网络:概念和模型。

DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2022.0368
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发表时间:
2023-12-18
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
Ryser, Remo
Ryser, Remo
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sanders, Dirk;Hirt, Myriam R.;Brose, Ulrich;Evans, Darren M.;Gaston, Kevin J.;Gauzens, Benoit;Ryser, Remo

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夜间人造光(ALAN)正在侵蚀自然光周期,从而改变物种分布和活动模式。然而,人们对生态互动网络如何应对这一全球变化驱动因素知之甚少。在这里,我们评估了目前对全社区 ALAN 影响的理解的科学基础。根据现有知识,我们概念化并回顾了 ALAN 可能影响生态相互作用网络的四种主要途径:(i) 影响初级生产,(ii) 作为影响物种生存的环境过滤器,(iii) 驱动物种的移动和分布,以及 (iv) 通过影响活动模式来改变功能角色和生态位。然后,我们使用异速生长-营养网络模型来测试昼间、夜间和黄昏物种的时间活动模式的变化如何影响食物网的稳定性。结果表明,昼夜生态位变化可以通过改变物种之间的时间重叠来严重影响群落的持久性,从而导致相互作用强度的变化和网络的重新布线。因此,ALAN 可以通过时间生态位的同质化导致生物多样性丧失。这一综合框架旨在促进对 ALAN 的社区层面和生态网络后果及其对生态系统功能的级联影响的预测性理解。本文是“复杂生态系统中的光污染”主题的一部分。
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is eroding natural light cycles and thereby changing species distributions and activity patterns. Yet little is known about how ecological interaction networks respond to this global change driver. Here, we assess the scientific basis of the current understanding of community-wide ALAN impacts. Based on current knowledge, we conceptualize and review four major pathways by which ALAN may affect ecological interaction networks by (i) impacting primary production, (ii) acting as an environmental filter affecting species survival, (iii) driving the movement and distribution of species, and (iv) changing functional roles and niches by affecting activity patterns. Using an allometric–trophic network model, we then test how a shift in temporal activity patterns for diurnal, nocturnal and crepuscular species impacts food web stability. The results indicate that diel niche shifts can severely impact community persistence by altering the temporal overlap between species, which leads to changes in interaction strengths and rewiring of networks. ALAN can thereby lead to biodiversity loss through the homogenization of temporal niches. This integrative framework aims to advance a predictive understanding of community-level and ecological-network consequences of ALAN and their cascading effects on ecosystem functioning. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Light pollution in complex ecological systems’.
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