Additive manufacturing of biomedical devices: an overview

Additive manufacturing of biomedical devices: an overview
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生物医学设备的增材制造:概述

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发表时间:
2018
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通讯作者:
L. Murr
L. Murr
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作者:
L. Murr

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摘要增材制造(AM),特别是使用CAD引导的激光或电子束熔化(EBM)的金属或预合金粉末床,能够生产复杂的多孔网状或泡沫生物医学设备。工程孔结构能够适应骨刚度和承重应力水平,尤其是髋关节棒或股骨柄植入物。还可以通过骨向内生长来优化附着,甚至通过注入含有必要细胞类型和各种转录和信号分子的胶原基水凝胶基质或手术提取的(股骨)骨小梁物质来使植入物成为“活”骨支撑支架,用于血管生成和成骨诱导。AM技术在美国的扩散,沿着讨论了中国和印度,包括在医院(尤其是中国)安装用于患者特定多孔种植体制造的循证医学系统以及相关临床试验。
Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) especially using CAD-directed laser or electron beam melting (EBM) of metal or pre-alloyed powder beds is able to produce complex, porous mesh or foam biomedical devices. Engineered pore structures are able to accommodate bone stiffness and load-bearing stress levels especially for hip rod or stem implants. It is also possible to optimise attachment by bone ingrowth and even render implants ‘living’ bone support scaffolds by the infusion of collagen-based hydrogel matrices containing necessary cell types and a variety of transcription and signalling molecules or surgically extracted (femoral) trabecular matter for angiogenic and osteogenic induction. The proliferation of AM technologies in the U.S.A., China and India, including the installation of EBM systems for patient-specific porous implant fabrication in hospitals, especially in China, is discussed along with related clinical trials.
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