Tautomerism of Warfarin: Combined Chemoinformatics, Quantum Chemical, and NMR Investigation.

Tautomerism of Warfarin: Combined Chemoinformatics, Quantum Chemical, and NMR Investigation.
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DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.5b01370
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发表时间:
2015-10-16
期刊:
The Journal of organic chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nicklaus MC
Nicklaus MC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guasch L;Peach ML;Nicklaus MC

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Warfarin, an important anticoagulant drug, can exist in solution in 40 distinct tautomeric forms through both prototropic tautomerism and ring–chain tautomerism. We have investigated all warfarin tautomers with computational and NMR approaches. Relative energies calculated at the B3LYP/6-311G+ +(d,p) level of theory indicate that the 4-hydroxycoumarin cyclic hemiketal tautomer is the most stable tautomer in aqueous solution, followed by the 4-hydroxycoumarin open-chain tautomer. This is in agreement with our NMR experiments where the spectral assignments indicate that warfarin exists mainly as a mixture of cyclic hemiketal diastereomers, with an open-chain tautomer as a minor component. We present a diagram of the interconversion of warfarin created taking into account the calculated equilibrium constants (pKT) for all tautomeric reactions. These findings help with gaining further understanding of proton transfer and ring closure tautomerization processes. We also discuss the results in the context of chemoinformatics rules for handling tautomerism.
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