Study protocol of an investigation of attention and prediction error as mechanisms of action for latent inhibition of dental fear in humans.
Study protocol of an investigation of attention and prediction error as mechanisms of action for latent inhibition of dental fear in humans.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40359-023-01054-0
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发表时间：
2023-01-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nedley, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seligman, Laura D.;Geers, Andrew L.;Kramer, Lauren;Clemens, Kelly S.;Pituch, Keenan A.;Colagiuri, Ben;Marusak, Hilary A.;Rabinak, Christine A.;Turner, Natalie;Nedley, Michael
关键词：
有证据表明，牙科焦虑症和恐惧症往往是直接关联的恐惧条件反射的结果，但预暴露于牙科刺激之前，条件反射的结果在潜在的抑制恐惧学习。然而，对人类暴露前效应的机制知之甚少。此外，在相关研究中，疼痛敏感性与牙科恐惧条件反射有关，理论表明它可能会缓和潜在的抑制作用，但这一假设尚未得到直接验证。我们认识上的这些差距阻碍了循证牙科恐惧症预防工作的发展。将在两个研究中心招募6 - 35岁的健康志愿者。参与者将在一个新的虚拟现实环境中完成条件反射任务，允许控制预暴露和检查行为。一个牙齿惊吓（一个简短的，加压的空气喷到牙齿上）将作为无条件刺激。使用受试者内实验设计，参与者将经历预先暴露的条件刺激，非预先暴露的条件刺激和中性控制刺激。两个假设的机制，预测错误和注意力的变化，预计调解之间的关联刺激条件和恐惧的收购，回忆和保留。为了确定疼痛敏感性的参与，将通过自我报告和冷加压任务来测量该结构。牙科恐惧症对个人的牙齿健康和整体健康产生负面影响。本研究的目的是确定的机制，通过预曝光延迟条件性牙科恐惧的收购，回忆和保留。一项随机对照试验将被用来确定这些机制，以便它们可以被精确地定位并最大限度地参与预防工作。
Evidence suggests that dental anxiety and phobia are frequently the result of direct associative fear conditioning but that pre-exposure to dental stimuli prior to conditioning results in latent inhibition of fear learning. The mechanisms underlying the pre-exposure effect in humans, however, are poorly understood. Moreover, pain sensitivity has been linked to dental fear conditioning in correlational investigations and theory suggests it may moderate the latent inhibition effect, but this hypothesis has not been directly tested. These gaps in our understanding are a barrier to the development of evidence-based dental phobia prevention efforts. Healthy volunteers between the ages of 6 and 35 years will be enrolled across two sites. Participants will complete a conditioning task in a novel virtual reality environment, allowing for control over pre-exposure and the examination of behaviour. A dental startle (a brief, pressurized puff of air to a tooth) will serve as the unconditioned stimulus. Using a within-subjects experimental design, participants will experience a pre-exposed to-be conditioned stimulus, a non-pre-exposed to-be conditioned stimulus, and a neutral control stimulus. Two hypothesized mechanisms, changes in prediction errors and attention, are expected to mediate the association between stimulus condition and fear acquisition, recall, and retention. To ascertain the involvement of pain sensitivity, this construct will be measured through self-report and the cold pressor task. Dental phobia negatively affects the dental health and overall health of individuals. This study aims to determine the mechanisms through which pre-exposure retards conditioned dental fear acquisition, recall, and retention. A randomized control trial will be used to identify these mechanisms so that they can be precisely targeted and maximally engaged in preventative efforts.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0031724
发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Leung, Hiu Tin;Killcross, A. S.;Westbrook, R. Frederick
通讯作者：
Westbrook, R. Frederick
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Marusak, Hilary A.;Peters, Craig;Rabinak, Christine A.
通讯作者：
Rabinak, Christine A.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Yuan, Ying;MacKinnon, David P.
通讯作者：
MacKinnon, David P.
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Siegel K;Schrimshaw EW;Kunzel C;Wolfson NH;Moon-Howard J;Moats HL;Mitchell DA
通讯作者：
Mitchell DA
影响因子：
18.2
作者：
SOKOLOV, EN
通讯作者：
SOKOLOV, EN