The Average and Heterogeneous Effects of Transportation Investments: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa 1960-2010

The Average and Heterogeneous Effects of Transportation Investments: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa 1960-2010
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交通投资的平均和异质效应:来自撒哈拉以南非洲地区 1960-2010 年的证据

DOI:
10.3386/w27670
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
NBER Working Paper Series
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Storeygard
A. Storeygard
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Remi Jedwab;A. Storeygard

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以往关于交通运输投资的工作侧重于对高收入和中等收入国家的平均影响。我们使用39个国家50年来的道路和城市数据,估计了贫穷大陆非洲的平均和异质影响。使用的市场准入的变化,由于遥远的道路建设作为一个外生变量的来源,我们估计30年的城市人口相对于市场准入的弹性约为0.08-0.13。我们的研究结果表明,这种弹性在小城市和偏远城市更强,在政治上有利的地区和适合农业的地区更弱。除了国际港口,进入外国城市也没什么关系。更多的证据有力地表明,农村向城市的迁移是人口增长的主要来源,尽管我们不能完全排除自然增长或城市间的重新分配。
Previous work on transportation investments has focused on average impacts in high- and middle-income countries. We estimate average and heterogeneous effects in a poor continent, Africa, using roads and cities data spanning 50 years in 39 countries. Using changes in market access due to distant road construction as a source of exogenous variation, we estimate a 30-year elasticity of city population with respect to market access of about 0.08–0.13. Our results suggest that this elasticity is stronger for small and remote cities, and weaker in politically favored and agriculturally suitable areas. Access to foreign cities besides international ports matters little. Additional evidence points suggestively to rural-to-urban migration as the primary source of this population increase, though we cannot fully rule out natural increase or reallocation across cities.
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发表时间: 2011-05
期刊: The American economic review
影响因子: --
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