Neuronal regulation of the blood-brain barrier and neurovascular coupling.

Neuronal regulation of the blood-brain barrier and neurovascular coupling.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41583-020-0322-2
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发表时间:
2020-08
期刊:
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gu C
Gu C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kaplan L;Chow BW;Gu C

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为了持续处理感觉、运动和认知的神经活动,中枢神经系统需要一个稳态的微环境,不仅富含营养物质以满足其高代谢需求,而且没有可能伤害敏感神经组织的毒素。这种高度调节的微环境是由外周器官中不存在的CNS血管系统的两个独特特征实现的。首先,将循环血液与CNS隔开的血-血屏障充当守门人以促进物质在血液与实质之间的选择性运输。其次,神经血管耦合确保了局部神经激活后,局部血流增加,以快速提供更多营养并清除代谢废物。在这里,我们回顾了神经和血管活动如何相互作用,这两个属性。中枢神经系统的稳态环境是由血-血屏障(BBB)和神经血管耦联(NVC)的功能维持的。Kaplan、Chow和Gu描述了神经和血管活动如何在BBB和NVC方面相互作用。
To continuously process neural activity underlying sensation, movement, and cognition, the central nervous system requires a homeostatic microenvironment that is not only enriched in nutrients to meet its high metabolic demands but also devoid of toxins that might harm the sensitive neural tissues. This highly regulated microenvironment is made possible by two unique features of CNS vasculature absent in the peripheral organs. First, the blood–blood barrier, which partitions the circulating blood from the CNS, acts as a gatekeeper to facilitate the selective trafficking of substances between the blood and parenchyma. And second, neurovascular coupling ensures that, following local neural activation, regional blood flow is increased to quickly supply more nutrients and remove metabolic waste. Here, we review how neural and vascular activity act on one another with regards to these two properties. The homeostatic CNS environment is maintained by the function of the blood–blood barrier (BBB) and neurovascular coupling (NVC). Kaplan, Chow and Gu describe how neural and vascular activity act on one another with regard to BBB and NVC.
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