The membrane proximal region of the cannabinoid receptor CB1 N-terminus can allosterically modulate ligand affinity.

The membrane proximal region of the cannabinoid receptor CB1 N-terminus can allosterically modulate ligand affinity.
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DOI:
10.1021/bi400842k
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发表时间:
2013-11-19
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Farrens, David L.
Farrens, David L.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fay, Jonathan F.;Farrens, David L.

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人类大麻素受体 CB1 是一种 G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR),含有一个相对较长的(~110 个氨基酸)氨基末端,其功能尚未确定。在这里,我们探讨了 CB1 N 末端在调节配体与受体结合中的潜在作用。我们发现,虽然大多数 CB1 N 末端对于配体结合不是必需的,但先前的研究发现,引入保守膜近端区域 (MPR) 的突变确实会损害受体结合配体的能力。此外,在高度保守的 MPR(残基 90-110)内有两个半胱氨酸残基,它们在所有 CB1 受体中都是不变的。我们发现这两个半胱氨酸(C98 和 C107)在异源表达的人 CB1 中形成二硫键,并且这种 C98-C107 二硫键比之前已知的细胞外环 2 (EL2) 中的二硫键更容易被还原剂接近。有趣的是,C98-C107 二硫键的存在以一种可以通过变构模型定量分析的方式调节配体与受体的结合。 C98-C107 二硫化物还改变 CB1、Org 27569 和 PSNCBAM-1 变构配体的作用。总之,这些结果为 N 端 MPR 和 EL2 如何共同作用以影响 CB1 中的高亲和力正构配体结合位点提供了新的见解,并表明 CB1 N 端 MPR 可能是变构调节剂可以发挥作用的区域。
The human cannabinoid receptor, CB1, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), contains a relatively long (∼110 a.a.) amino terminus, whose function is still not defined. Here we explore a potential role for the CB1 N-terminus in modulating ligand binding to the receptor. We find that although most of the CB1 N-terminus is not necessary for ligand binding, previous studies have found that mutations introduced into a conserved membrane proximal region (MPR) do impair the receptors ability to bind ligand. Moreover, within the highly conserved MPR (∼ residues 90–110) lie two cysteine residues that are invariant in all CB1 receptors. We find these two cysteines (C98 and C107) form a disulfide in heterologously expressed human CB1, and this C98-C107 disulfide is much more accessible to reducing agents than the previously known disulfide in extracellular loop 2 (EL2). Interestingly, the presence of the C98-C107 disulfide modulates ligand binding to the receptor in a way that can be quantitatively analyzed by an allosteric model. The C98-C107 disulfide also alters the effects of allosteric ligands for CB1, Org 27569 and PSNCBAM-1. Together, these results provide new insights into how the N-terminal MPR and EL2 act together to influence the high-affinity orthosteric ligand binding site in CB1, and suggest the CB1 N-terminal MPR may be an area through which allosteric modulators can act.
DOI: 10.1021/bi0472651
发表时间: 2005-06-21
期刊: BIOCHEMISTRY
影响因子: 2.9
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