Neurophysiological and computational principles of cortical rhythms in cognition.
Neurophysiological and computational principles of cortical rhythms in cognition.
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DOI：
10.1152/physrev.00035.2008
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
33.6
通讯作者：
Wang XJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang XJ
同步节律代表了在全脑网络中塑造神经活动的时间协调的核心机制。这篇评论的重点是在认知过程中发生的大脑皮层的振荡，在警觉的行为条件。在过去的二十年里，实验和建模工作在阐明这些节律的详细细胞和电路基础方面取得了很大进展，特别是伽马和θ节律。潜在的生理机制是多种多样的（从单细胞的共振和起搏特性，到群体同步和波传播的多种情况），但也表现出统一的原则。一个主要的概念进展是认识到突触抑制在节律发生中起着重要作用，无论是在神经元间网络中还是在相互的兴奋-抑制回路中。认知中同步振荡的计算功能仍然是系统神经科学家争论的问题，部分原因是规则振荡的概念似乎与通常的观察相矛盾，即皮层中单个神经元的尖峰放电是高度随机的，远非时钟式的。然而，最近的研究结果导致了一个框架，超越了传统的耦合振荡器理论，并调和不规则的单神经元活动和场电位振荡之间的明显二分法。从这个角度来看，大量的研究将审查参与的长距离神经元的一致性在认知功能，如多感觉整合，工作记忆和选择性注意。最后，异常神经同步的影响进行了讨论，因为它们涉及到精神分裂症和自闭症等精神疾病。
Synchronous rhythms represent a core mechanism for sculpting temporal coordination of neural activity in the brainwide network. This review focuses on oscillations in the cerebral cortex that occur during cognition, in alert behaving conditions. Over the last two decades, experimental and modeling work has made great strides in elucidating the detailed cellular and circuit basis of these rhythms, particularly gamma and theta rhythms. The underlying physiological mechanisms are diverse (ranging from resonance and pacemaker properties of single cells, to multiple scenarios for population synchronization and wave propagation), but also exhibit unifying principles. A major conceptual advance was the realization that synaptic inhibition plays a fundamental role in rhythmogenesis, either in an interneuronal network or in a recipropocal excitatory-inhibitory loop. Computational functions of synchronous oscillations in cognition are still a matter of debate among systems neuroscientists, in part because the notion of regular oscillation seems to contradict the common observation that spiking discharges of individual neurons in the cortex are highly stochastic and far from being clock-like. However, recent findings have led to a framework that goes beyond the conventional theory of coupled oscillators, and reconciles the apparent dichotomy between irregular single neuron activity and field potential oscillations. From this perspective, a plethora of studies will be reviewed on the involvement of long-distance neuronal coherence in cognitive functions such as multisensory integration, working memory and selective attention. Finally, implications of abnormal neural synchronization are discussed as they relate to mental disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Achard, S;Salvador, R;Bullmore, ET
通讯作者：
Bullmore, ET
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Achermann, P;Borbely, AA
通讯作者：
Borbely, AA
DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(50)90075-7
发表时间：
1950-01-01
期刊：
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
ADRIAN, ED
通讯作者：
ADRIAN, ED
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Adrian, ED
通讯作者：
Adrian, ED
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
AGMON, A;CONNORS, BW
通讯作者：
CONNORS, BW