Locomotion Energetics of the Ghost Crab: I. Metabolic Cost and Endurance
Locomotion Energetics of the Ghost Crab: I. Metabolic Cost and Endurance
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幽灵蟹的运动能量：I. 代谢成本和耐力
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Full
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Full
节肢动物在运动设计上具有惊人的多样性。然而，目前还不清楚什么独特的限制，如果有的话，在设计上的变化强加在力学，代谢能量成本或耐力在陆地运动。在本研究中，代谢能量的成本和耐力在跑步机上测量的节肢动物，八条腿的横向旅行鬼蟹，Ocypode quadrata（Fabricius）。在第二篇论文中的力学运动过程中确定步行和跑步的力量板。在运动过程中氧摄取的严重限制并不是蟹的氧运输系统设计所固有的，蟹的氧运输系统由鳃和开放的循环系统组成。鬼蟹快速提高耗氧量（V O O2）的能力与对厌氧源的依赖性比其他蟹类更低有关。加速糖酵解有助于在次极量运动开始时，在O2摄取调整完成之前，但在稳态运动期间只起很小的作用。O. quadrata使V O O 2升高6-4- 8倍。鬼蟹的最大耗氧量（V O O 2 max）与同样体重和体温的变温脊椎动物（如蜥蜴）的最大耗氧量没有区别，蜥蜴使用肺和封闭的循环系统。移动1克螃蟹1公里（C分钟）所需的最低代谢能作为体重和年龄的函数下降。C min与相似体重的脊椎动物的预测值相当，因此，似乎相对独立于运动设计。这与肌肉和弹性结构的能量特性的相似性可能导致运动的相似代谢成本的假设一致。耐力能力并没有随着体重的增加，从哺乳动物和蜥蜴的种间比较预测。相反，耐力与耗氧量最大的速度相关。鬼蟹的平均耐力与蜥蜴相似，但远低于哺乳动物的预测值。鬼蟹只能缓慢行走。在短时间内以20倍的速度跑步是可能的，但不能没有无氧代谢的帮助。
Arthropods possess spectacular diversity in locomotor design. Yet it is not clear what unique constraints, if any, variation in design imposes on mechanics, metabolic energy cost or endurance during terrestrial locomotion. In the present study metabolic energy cost and endurance on a treadmill are measured for an arthropod, the eight-legged sideways travelling ghost crab, Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius). In a second paper the mechanics of locomotion are determined during walking and running over a force plate. Severe limitations in O 2 uptake during exercise are not inherent in the design of a crab9s O 2 transport system, which consists of gills and an open circulatory system. The ghost crab9s capacity to elevate oxygen consumption (V O O2 ) rapidly is correlated with a lesser dependence on anaerobic sources than observed in other crab species. Accelerated glycolysis contributed at the onset of submaximal exercise, before O 2 uptake adjustments were completed, but played only a minor role during steady-state exercise. O. quadrata elevated V O O2 6–4- to 8-fold above resting rates. The ghost crab9s maximal oxygen consumption (V O O2 max ) was not different from that of an ectothermic vertebrate of the same body mass and temperature, such as a lizard, that uses lungs and a closed circulatory system. The minimum metabolic energy necessary to move 1 g of crab 1 km (C min ) decreased as a function of body mass and age. C min was comparable to that predicted for vertebrates of a similar body mass and, therefore, appears to be relatively independent of locomotor design. This is consistent with the hypothesis that a similarity in the energetic properties of muscle and elastic structures may result in similar metabolic costs of locomotion. Endurance capacity did not increase with body mass, as predicted from interspecific comparisons of mammals and lizards. Instead, endurance capacity correlated with the speed at which oxygen consumption was maximal. Mean endurance capacity for ghost crabs was similar to that found for lizards, but was far less than the values predicted for mammals. Ghost crabs could only sustain a slow walk. Running at speeds 20 times faster is possible for short periods, but not without the aid of anaerobic metabolism.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1982-04
期刊：
The Journal of experimental biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Taylor;N. Heglund;G. Maloiy
通讯作者：
C. Taylor;N. Heglund;G. Maloiy
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Brooks,GA
通讯作者：
Brooks,GA
持续运动过程中的力量发展：步态、速度和代谢能力的决定因素。
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.115.1.253
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
The Journal of experimental biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Taylor,CR
通讯作者：
Taylor,CR
DOI：
10.1016/0034-5687(82)90010-x
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Respiration physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Marconi,C;Pendergast,D;Krasney,JA;Rennie,DW;Cerretelli,P
通讯作者：
Cerretelli,P