The time-course of real-world scene perception: Spatial and semantic processing.

The time-course of real-world scene perception: Spatial and semantic processing.
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真实世界场景感知的时间过程:空间和语义处理。

DOI:
10.1016/j.isci.2022.105633
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发表时间:
2022-12-22
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Adams, Wendy J.
Adams, Wendy J.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson, Matt D.;Elder, James H.;Graf, Erich W.;Adams, Wendy J.

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真实世界的场景感知发展得非常快,但其潜在的视觉过程却鲜为人知。空间中心理论认为,场景的空间结构(如开度、平均深度)可以从低层图像统计中快速恢复。反过来,场景的空间属性和语义内容之间的统计关系允许从其布局推断语义身份。我们通过研究(1)真实世界场景中空间和语义知觉的时间动力学,以及(2)空间和语义判断之间的相关性来检验这一理论。参与者观看后向蒙版图像的时间为13.3ms至106.7毫秒,并确定了语义(例如海滩、道路)或空间结构(例如开放、关闭)类别。我们没有发现空间歧视相对于语义歧视在时间上的优先关系。计算分析进一步表明,人类利用语义信息来区分空间结构类别,而不是使用空间布局来推断语义类别。这些发现挑战了传统的“自下而上”的场景感知观点。空间结构和语义感知具有相似的时间进程--人类在图像开始后不久就从语义中推断空间结构然而,人类并不能可靠地从空间结构中推断语义生物科学、神经科学、感官神经科学
Real-world scene perception unfolds remarkably quickly, yet the underlying visual processes are poorly understood. Space-centered theory maintains that a scene’s spatial structure (e.g., openness, mean depth) can be rapidly recovered from low-level image statistics. In turn, the statistical relationship between a scene’s spatial properties and semantic content allows for semantic identity to be inferred from its layout. We tested this theory by investigating (1) the temporal dynamics of spatial and semantic perception in real-world scenes, and (2) dependencies between spatial and semantic judgments. Participants viewed backward-masked images for 13.3 to 106.7 ms, and identified the semantic (e.g., beach, road) or spatial structure (e.g., open, closed-off) category. We found no temporal precedence of spatial discrimination relative to semantic discrimination. Computational analyses further suggest that, instead of using spatial layout to infer semantic categories, humans exploit semantic information to discriminate spatial structure categories. These findings challenge traditional ‘bottom-up’ views of scene perception. Spatial structure and semantic perception share a similar time-course Humans infer spatial structure from semantics shortly after image onset Yet, humans do not reliably infer semantics from spatial structure Biological sciences; Neuroscience; Sensory neuroscience
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