Experience of violence and socioeconomic position in South Africa: a national study.
Experience of violence and socioeconomic position in South Africa: a national study.
复制标题
南非的暴力和社会经济地位的经验：一项国家研究。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0001290
复制
发表时间：
2007-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Myer, Landon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doolan, Katherine;Ehrlich, Rodney;Myer, Landon
暴力是南非发病率和死亡率的主要原因，需要从公共卫生角度进行研究。通常在暴力研究中，社会经济地位用于分析以控制混杂因素。社会流行病学将这一变量作为一个主要的决定因素，并用于本研究，以更好地了解南非暴力的病因。我们假设，社会经济地位（就业，教育和家庭财富）的措施将在个人和家庭层面的暴力呈负相关。数据来自1998年南非人口和健康调查（SADHS）。社会经济地位的衡量标准是就业、教育和家庭财富。88人（0.2%）在过去30天内因暴力受伤接受了治疗，103户（0.9%）在过去一年中经历了暴力死亡。个人层面的暴力风险因素包括就业（遭受暴力的人中有41%就业，未遭受暴力的人中有27%就业，p = 0.02）和教育（遭受暴力的人比未遭受暴力的人平均多受一年教育，p = 0.04）。 属于最富有的五分之一家庭是保护免受暴力（OR：0.32; 95% CI：0.12-0.89）。相比之下，在家庭一级，所有三个衡量社会经济地位的指标都能保护人们免受暴力死亡的影响。在多元分析中，唯一持续存在的关联是家庭财富与个人暴力之间的关联。如果以家庭财富作为衡量个人社会经济地位的标准，我们的假设得到了支持。虽然需要更多的研究来说明在个人和家庭层面观察到的相互矛盾的结果，但这项分析已经开始确定整个社会经济结构在暴力后果方面的差异。
Violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in South Africa and needs to be researched from a public health perspective. Typically in violence research, socioeconomic position is used in the analysis to control for confounding. Social epidemiology approaches this variable as a primary determinant of interest and is used in this research to better understand the aetiology of violence in South Africa. We hypothesised that measures of socioeconomic position (employment, education and household wealth) would be inversely related to violence at the individual and household levels. Data came from the1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS). Measures of socioeconomic position used were employment, education and household wealth. Eighty-eight people (0.2%) received treatment for a violent injury in the previous 30 days and 103 households (0.9%) experienced a violent death in the previous year. Risk factors for violence at the individual level included employment (41% of those who experienced violence were employed vs. 27% of those who did not, p = 0.02), and education (those who experienced violence had on average, one year more education than those who did not, p = 0.04). Belonging to a household in the wealthiest quintile was protective against violence (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.12–0.89). In contrast, at the household level all three measures of socioeconomic position were protective against the experience of a violent death. The only association to persist in the multivariate analysis was that between the wealth of the household and violence at the individual level. Our hypothesis was supported if household wealth was used as the measure of socioeconomic position at the individual level. While more research is needed to inform the conflicting results observed between the individual and household levels, this analysis has begun to identify the disparities across the socioeconomic structure with respect to violent outcomes.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Cubbin, C;LeClere, FB;Smith, GS
通讯作者：
Smith, GS
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Pick, WM;Ross, MH;Dada, Y
通讯作者：
Dada, Y
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Jewkes, R;Levin, J;Penn-Kekana, L
通讯作者：
Penn-Kekana, L
影响因子：
9.1
作者：
BLAU, JR;BLAU, PM
通讯作者：
BLAU, PM
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gilbert, L
通讯作者：
Gilbert, L