Georeferencing of an Unmanned Aerial System by Means of an Iterated Extended Kalman Filter Using a 3D City Model

Georeferencing of an Unmanned Aerial System by Means of an Iterated Extended Kalman Filter Using a 3D City Model
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使用 3D 城市模型通过迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波器对无人机系统进行地理配准

DOI:
10.1007/s41064-019-00084-x
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
PFG – Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alkhatib
Alkhatib
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bureick;Neumann;Alkhatib

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在工程大地测量中,技术进步导致了各种各样的多传感器系统(MSS)捕获环境。多传感器系统,特别是那些安装在无人驾驶飞行器,后来被称为无人驾驶航空系统(UAS),在过去的十年中出现。MSS和UAS的地理参考是获取捕获数据的进一步产品的不可或缺的任务。地理配准至少包括确定三个平移和三个旋转。全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收器、惯性测量单元或用于地理参考的其他传感器的可用性和准确性在城市场景中不是或不是恒定地给定的。因此,我们利用基于UAS的激光扫描仪测量建筑立面。建筑物后者被建模为三维城市模型中的平面。我们通过结合激光扫描仪测量和平面参数来确定UAS的轨迹。所得到的隐式测量方程和非线性等式约束覆盖在迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波器(IEKF)。我们开发了一个软件模拟测试IEKF使用不同的情况下,以评估功能,性能,优势,和实现IEKF的剩余挑战。
In engineering geodesy, the technical progress leads to various kinds of multi-sensor systems (MSS) capturing the environment. Multi-sensor systems, especially those mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles, subsequently called unmanned aerial system (UAS), have emerged in the past decade. Georeferencing for MSS and UAS is an indispensable task to obtain further products of the data captured. Georeferencing comprises at least the determination of three translations and three rotations. The availability and accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, inertial measurement units, or other sensors for georeferencing is not or not constantly given in urban scenarios. Therefore, we utilize UAS-based laser scanner measurements on building facades. The building latter are modeled as planes in a three-dimensional city model. We determine the trajectory of the UAS by combining the laser scanner measurements with the plane parameters. The resulting implicit measurement equations and nonlinear equality constraints are covered within an iterated extended Kalman filter (IEKF). We developed a software simulation for testing the IEKF using different scenarios to evaluate the functionality, performance, strengths, and remaining challenges of the IEKF implemented.
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