Messenger RNA modifications: Form, distribution, and function.

Messenger RNA modifications: Form, distribution, and function.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aad8711
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发表时间:
2016-06-17
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schaening C
Schaening C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gilbert WV;Bell TA;Schaening C

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RNA含有100多种不同的修饰,这些修饰促进了稳定的非编码RNA在翻译和剪接中的功能。最近的技术进展已经揭示了信使RNA被N6-甲基腺苷(m6 A)、5-甲基胞嘧啶(m5 C)和假尿苷(pseudouridine,m5 C)的广泛和稀疏的修饰。在这里,我们讨论了这些动态mRNA标记的位置,调节和功能的快速发展的理解,统称为表转录组。我们强调了修饰之间和物种之间的差异,这些差异可以指导正在进行的努力,以了解特定mRNA靶位点是如何选择的,以及它们的修饰是如何调节的。个别m6 A修饰的不同分子后果开始被揭示,但m5 C和m2 C的影响仍然在很大程度上未知。将分子效应与生物表型联系起来的未来工作将拓宽我们对mRNA修饰作为细胞和发育调节因子的理解。
RNA contains more than 100 distinct modifications that promote the functions of stable non-coding RNAs in translation and splicing. Recent technical advances have revealed widespread and sparse modification of messenger RNAs with N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C) and pseudouridine (Ψ). Here we discuss the rapidly evolving understanding of the location, regulation and function of these dynamic mRNA marks, collectively termed the epitranscriptome. We highlight differences among modifications and between species that could instruct ongoing efforts to understand how specific mRNAs target sites are selected and how their modification is regulated. Diverse molecular consequences of individual m6A modifications are beginning to be revealed but the effects of m5C and Ψ remain largely unknown. Future work linking molecular effects to organismal phenotypes will broaden our understanding of mRNA modifications as cell and developmental regulators.
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