To be serrate or pinnate: diverse leaf forms of yarrows (Achillea) are linked to differential expression patterns of NAM genes
To be serrate or pinnate: diverse leaf forms of yarrows (Achillea) are linked to differential expression patterns of NAM genes
复制标题
锯齿状或羽状：欧蓍草 (Achillea) 的不同叶子形状与 NAM 基因的差异表达模式有关
DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcx152
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发表时间：
2018-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Guo Yan-Ping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sha Sha;Chen Duo;Liu Ming;Li Ke-Lai;Jiang Chen-Kun;Wang Dong-Hui;Guo Yan-Ping
背景与目的
了解物种多样性与表型发育进化之间的联系是进化生物学的一个重要问题。在菊科植物中，叶锯齿状或羽状解剖模式表现出很大的多样性。在拟南芥中，叶锯齿的发育需要转录因子CUC 2的活性。这种调节剂是否也适用于菊科植物的叶片解剖？如果是这样的话，这些保守的调控“工具”是如何以不同的方式工作以产生不同的叶子形式的？
方法
对幼苗叶片形态进行了观察，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了叶片锯齿或裂片的形态发生。NAM基因是拟南芥CUC 2的直向同源基因，从拟南芥中分离得到。acuminata和A.具有三个羽状全裂叶的asiatica。通过整体原位mRNA杂交和两种定量基因表达分析，液滴数字PCR（ddPCR）和实时定量PCR（qPCR），NAM基因的表达模式在两个物种的叶片解剖发育进行了检查比较。
关键成果
对于这两个物种来说，当叶片长约300-400 µm时，叶片解剖的发展开始。以. acuminata中，原位杂交显示NAM表达信号出现在牙齿生长的叶缘，或随后的牙齿窦中，而在A. asiatica中，杂交信号不仅出现在叶缘，而且进一步出现在叶裂片的边缘。ddPCR和qPCR均显示AacNAM基因的表达量从A. acuminata叶片中AasNAM的表达维持时间较长，但表达波动较大。亚洲菜
结论
NAM表达的差异时空模式，发现两个？本研究首次证明了NAM在菊科植物叶片解剖发育过程中的活性，并证明了叶片形态多样性与NAM表达动态的改变相关。
Background and Aims
To understand the link between species diversity and phenotype developmental evolution is an important issue in evolutionary biology. Yarrows in the genus Achillea (Asteraceae) show a great diversity in leaf serrate or pinnate dissection patterns. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the development of leaf serration requires the activity of the transcription factor CUC2. Does this regulator also work for leaf dissections of the Asteraceae plants? If so, how do the conserved regulatory 'tools' work differently to produce diverse leaf forms?
Methods
Seedling leaf morphology was observed, and morphogenesis of leaf serration or lobes was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). NAM genes, orthologues of arabidopsis CUC2, were isolated from A. acuminata with serrate leaves and A. asiatica with three-pinnatisect leaves, respectively. By means of whole-mount in situ mRNA hybridization and two quantitative gene expression assays, the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), expression patterns of the NAM genes during leaf dissection development were checked in both species for comparison.
Key Results
For both species, the development of leaf dissection initiated when a leaf blade was about 300-400 µm long. In A. acuminata, in situ hybridization showed NAM expression signals at leaf margins where teeth are growing, or later on, in the sinuses of the teeth, whilst in A. asiatica, hybridization signals appear not only on leaf margins but further on the margins of leaf lobes. Both ddPCR and qPCR revealed a continuous decline of AacNAM expression from the early to the late developmental stages of a single leaf of A. acuminata, whereas a relatively long maintenance and fluctuation of AasNAM expression was seen in a leaf of A. asiatica.
Conclusions
Differential spatiotemporal patterns of NAM expression were found between the two yarrow species during development of leaf dissection. This study provides the first evidence for NAM activity in the development of leaf dissection of the Asteraceae plants, and demonstrates that leaf form diversity is correlated to the altered NAM expression dynamic.
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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